Sarah F Hamm-Alvarez1,2, Srikanth R Janga1, Maria C Edman1, Danielle Feigenbaum3, Daniel Freire3, Wendy J Mack4, Curtis T Okamoto2, Mark F Lew3. 1. Department of Ophthalmology & Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. 2. Department of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. 3. Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. 4. Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Abstract
Aim: Due to active engagement of sensory and afferent nerve fibers in reflex tearing which could be affected in Parkinson's disease (PD), we tested reflex tears as a source of potential PD biomarkers. Patients & methods: Reflex tears collected from 84 PD and 84 age- and sex-equivalent healthy controls (HC) were used to measure levels of oligomeric α-Syn (α-SynOligo), total α-Syn (α-SynTotal), CCL2, DJ-1, lactoferrin and MMP9. Results: α-synOligo (p < 0.0001), CCL2 (p = 0.003) and lactoferrin (p = 0.002) were significantly elevated in PD patient tears relative to HC tears. Tear flow was significantly lower in PD relative to HC (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Reflex tears are a potential source for detection of characteristic changes in PD patients.
Aim: Due to active engagement of sensory and afferent nerve fibers in reflex tearing which could be affected in Parkinson's disease (PD), we tested reflex tears as a source of potential PD biomarkers. Patients & methods: Reflex tears collected from 84 PD and 84 age- and sex-equivalent healthy controls (HC) were used to measure levels of oligomeric α-Syn (α-SynOligo), total α-Syn (α-SynTotal), CCL2, DJ-1, lactoferrin and MMP9. Results: α-synOligo (p < 0.0001), CCL2 (p = 0.003) and lactoferrin (p = 0.002) were significantly elevated in PDpatient tears relative to HC tears. Tear flow was significantly lower in PD relative to HC (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Reflex tears are a potential source for detection of characteristic changes in PDpatients.
Authors: Juan F Reyes; Sara Ekmark-Léwen; Marina Perdiki; Therése Klingstedt; Alana Hoffmann; Emilia Wiechec; Per Nilsson; K Peter R Nilsson; Irina Alafuzoff; Martin Ingelsson; Martin Hallbeck Journal: Acta Neuropathol Commun Date: 2021-03-20 Impact factor: 7.801