Sahar Obeid1,2,3, Hala Sacre3,4, Chadia Haddad1, Marwan Akel3,5, Kassandra Fares6, Maha Zakhour7, Nelly Kheir8, Pascale Salameh3,9,10, Souheil Hallit3,11. 1. Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon. 2. Faculty of Philosophy and Human Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon. 3. INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon. 4. Drug Information Center, Lebanese Order of Pharmacists, Beirut, Lebanon. 5. School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon. 6. Faculty of Science, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon. 7. Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon. 8. Faculty of Pedagogy, Holy Family University, 5534, Batroun, Lebanon. 9. Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon. 10. Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon. 11. Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To assess fear of intimacy (FOI) in the Lebanese population, and its correlates such as depression, social phobia, self-esteem, attachment, and maladaptive schemas. DESIGN/ METHODS: This cross-sectional study, conducted between November 2017 and May 2018, enrolled 707 community-dwelling participants. RESULTS: Higher FOI scores were associated with an increase in the defectiveness schema (β = 0.483), social phobia score (β = 0.16), mistrust schema (β = 0.519), vulnerability schema (β = 0.482), emotional deprivation schema (β = 0.548), attachment style D (dismissing) (β = 0.913) and failure schema, whereas lower FOI was significantly associated with an increase in the entitlement schema (β = -0.362), insufficient schema (β = -0.377), and the self-esteem score (β = -0.288). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Implementing educational programs are needed to enable persons to develop healthy intimate relationships, taking into account attachment styles and inappropriate early schemas.
PURPOSE: To assess fear of intimacy (FOI) in the Lebanese population, and its correlates such as depression, social phobia, self-esteem, attachment, and maladaptive schemas. DESIGN/ METHODS: This cross-sectional study, conducted between November 2017 and May 2018, enrolled 707 community-dwelling participants. RESULTS: Higher FOI scores were associated with an increase in the defectiveness schema (β = 0.483), social phobia score (β = 0.16), mistrust schema (β = 0.519), vulnerability schema (β = 0.482), emotional deprivation schema (β = 0.548), attachment style D (dismissing) (β = 0.913) and failure schema, whereas lower FOI was significantly associated with an increase in the entitlement schema (β = -0.362), insufficient schema (β = -0.377), and the self-esteem score (β = -0.288). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Implementing educational programs are needed to enable persons to develop healthy intimate relationships, taking into account attachment styles and inappropriate early schemas.