Andrea C Villanti1, Julia C West2, Darren Mays3, Eric C Donny4, Joseph N Cappella5, Andrew A Strasser6. 1. Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont. Electronic address: avillant@uvm.edu. 2. Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont. 3. Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, District of Columbia. 4. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina. 5. Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 6. Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The current study pilot tested the effect of a single, brief exposure to nicotine education messages on beliefs about nicotine, nicotine-replacement therapy (NRT), E-cigarettes, and cigarettes with reduced nicotine content (RNC). METHODS:Five hundred and twenty-one U.S. adults (aged ≥18 years) completed a 15-minute survey on Amazon Mechanical Turk in 2018. After completing items on sociodemographics, literacy, and cancer risk behaviors, participants were randomized in a 2:1:1 ratio to 1 of 3 conditions: nicotine education (n=263), sun safety education (attention control, n=128), or no message control (n=130). All participants completed items regarding nicotine, NRT, E-cigarette, and RNC cigarette beliefs, as well as norms about nicotine use, behavioral control regarding cigarette/tobacco use, and intention to use cigarettes, NRT, E-cigarettes, and RNC cigarettes in the next 12 months. Analyses were conducted in 2019. RESULTS: Following exposure, nicotine education participants reported fewer false beliefs about nicotine (p<0.001), NRT (p<0.001), E-cigarettes (p<0.05), and RNC cigarettes (p<0.05) compared with the control conditions. Nicotine messaging doubled the probability of a correct response (false, 78.3% vs 36.8%) to nicotine is a cause of cancer and dramatically reduced the probability of responding don't know to this item (5.3% vs 26.0%). There was no impact of the intervention on beliefs about other substances within cigarette, norms, or behavioral intentions. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from the current study support the hypothesis that a brief nicotine messaging intervention-similar to the messages likely to be seen on warning labels or in media campaigns-is likely to correct misperceptions of nicotine, NRT, E-cigarettes, and RNC cigarettes.
RCT Entities:
INTRODUCTION: The current study pilot tested the effect of a single, brief exposure to nicotine education messages on beliefs about nicotine, nicotine-replacement therapy (NRT), E-cigarettes, and cigarettes with reduced nicotine content (RNC). METHODS: Five hundred and twenty-one U.S. adults (aged ≥18 years) completed a 15-minute survey on Amazon Mechanical Turk in 2018. After completing items on sociodemographics, literacy, and cancer risk behaviors, participants were randomized in a 2:1:1 ratio to 1 of 3 conditions: nicotine education (n=263), sun safety education (attention control, n=128), or no message control (n=130). All participants completed items regarding nicotine, NRT, E-cigarette, and RNC cigarette beliefs, as well as norms about nicotine use, behavioral control regarding cigarette/tobacco use, and intention to use cigarettes, NRT, E-cigarettes, and RNC cigarettes in the next 12 months. Analyses were conducted in 2019. RESULTS: Following exposure, nicotine education participants reported fewer false beliefs about nicotine (p<0.001), NRT (p<0.001), E-cigarettes (p<0.05), and RNC cigarettes (p<0.05) compared with the control conditions. Nicotine messaging doubled the probability of a correct response (false, 78.3% vs 36.8%) to nicotine is a cause of cancer and dramatically reduced the probability of responding don't know to this item (5.3% vs 26.0%). There was no impact of the intervention on beliefs about other substances within cigarette, norms, or behavioral intentions. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from the current study support the hypothesis that a brief nicotine messaging intervention-similar to the messages likely to be seen on warning labels or in media campaigns-is likely to correct misperceptions of nicotine, NRT, E-cigarettes, and RNC cigarettes.
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