Sleep in PTSD: treatment approaches and outcomes.

The high incidence of sleep disturbance associated with trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) points to the need for effective sleep interventions for trauma survivors. The present review focuses on recent psychotherapeutic, pharmacological, and sleep medicine treatment approaches for sleep disturbances in PTSD. Findings highlight that targeted sleep interventions can ameliorate sleep symptoms and mitigate daytime PTSD symptoms. Attention has turned to the role of multidisciplinary and integrative approaches, as comprehensive treatment for sleep disturbances in PTSD is likely to require innovative assessment modalities and multiple interventions. A method for compressing these components into a treatment plan acceptable to most PTSD-diagnosed patients remains to be developed. Published by Elsevier Ltd.