Successful Treatment of Acquired Arteriovenous Fistulas after Iliac Vein Thrombosis.

Deep venous thrombosis rarely occurs in conjunction with other vascular anomalies, and is therefore an understudied area. Although arteriovenous fistulae (AVFs) most commonly arise from congenital defects or as a result of trauma, some reports suggest that they may form in association with thrombosis of cerebral veins. In this report, we present a case of acquired pelvic and lower extremity AVFs following left common iliac vein thrombosis. The special feature of this case is that the patient received a series of treatments of which recanalization resulted in best clinical outcome. As a result of long-term follow-up (5 years), this case allows for a better understanding of the natural progression of this rare disease.