Hickman catheter for haemodialysis in paediatric patients.

Twelve Hickman catheters were inserted in nine children in order to establish access for haemodialysis or plasmapheresis. Catheters were implanted either through the external or internal jugular vein and the tip located in the right atrium or superior vena cava. Mean blood flow was 25-55 ml/min with single lumen catheters and 83-100 ml/min with double lumen catheters. Three catheters had to be removed because of obstruction, whilst seven remained in situ until an arteriovenous fistula had matured or renal function was restored. Infection in two cases was successfully treated with antibiotics and transient obstruction by urokinase instillation. Following catheter removal, angiographic studies showed that with one exception all catheterized vessels were obstructed, but this did not prevent from ipsilateral arteriovenous fistulas to mature satisfactorily.