Vladimir Rafalskiy1, Dmitry Pushkar2, Sergey Yakovlev3, Oleg Epstein4, Mikhail Putilovskiy5, Sergey Tarasov4, Alexey Glazunov6, Sergeiy Korenev1, Ekaterina Moiseeva1, Natalia Gorelysheva7. 1. Medical Institute Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 14 A. Nevskogo st, Kaliningrad, Russian Federation. 2. Urology Department, A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127473, Delegatskaya St., 20, p. 1, Moscow, Russian Federation. 3. Internal Diseases Department #2 of I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation. 4. Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russian Federation. 5. OOO «NPF «MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING», Moscow, Russian Federation. 6. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997, Ostrovitianov str. 1, Moscow, Russian Federation. Electronic address: AlexeyGlazunov@yandex.ru. 7. OOO «NPF «MATERIA MEDICA HOLDING», Moscow, Russian Federation. Electronic address: gorelishevane@materiamedica.ru.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections in clinical practice. This RESOURCE (pathogen distribution and antibiotic RESistance prOfile of key Gram-negative bacteria caUsing community-onsEt URinary traCt) study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance profile of Gram-negative bacteria isolated from outpatient urine samples collected across the Russian Federation. METHODS: A total of 96 781 urine samples were collected from 520 cities in the Russian Federation between 01 January 1 and 31 December 2017. Antibiotic susceptibility was performed using semi-automated analysers. The mean age of the study population was 40.9 years; 80.2% were female and 19.8% were male. RESULTS: Of the uropathogens that were isolated, 64.2% were Gram-negative bacteria. Among these, Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the most common (49.1%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.5%), Proteus mirabilis (2.9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.7%), and Enterobacter spp. (1.0%). Of the antibiotics that were tested, 50% of the isolated E. coli strains were resistant to ampicillin, 30.3% to co-trimoxazole, 26.2% to aztreonam, 28.8% to levofloxacin, and 21% to cefuroxime. Conversely, E. coli was highly susceptible to imipenem (0.7% resistant strains isolated), amikacin (0.9%), nitrofurantoin (4.5%), and fosfomycin (1.2%). The most active antimicrobials against Klebsiella pneumoniae were imipenem (6.8% resistant strains) and colistin (0.5%), while piperacillin/tazobactam (4.2%), cefoperazone/sulbactam (3.1%) and imipenem (0%) were the most active agents against Proteus mirabilis. The antimicrobials showing the highest activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa were colistin (10.7% resistant strains) and aztreonam (0%), while piperacillin/tazobactam (7.1%) and cefoperazone/sulbactam (2.3%) showed the highest activity against Enterobacter spp. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of fluoroquinolone and cephalosporin resistance among common UTI-causing Gram-negative bacteria highlights the growing challenge of successfully treating community-onset UTIs.
BACKGROUND:Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections in clinical practice. This RESOURCE (pathogen distribution and antibiotic RESistance prOfile of key Gram-negative bacteria caUsing community-onsEt URinary traCt) study aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance profile of Gram-negative bacteria isolated from outpatient urine samples collected across the Russian Federation. METHODS: A total of 96 781 urine samples were collected from 520 cities in the Russian Federation between 01 January 1 and 31 December 2017. Antibiotic susceptibility was performed using semi-automated analysers. The mean age of the study population was 40.9 years; 80.2% were female and 19.8% were male. RESULTS: Of the uropathogens that were isolated, 64.2% were Gram-negative bacteria. Among these, Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the most common (49.1%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.5%), Proteus mirabilis (2.9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.7%), and Enterobacter spp. (1.0%). Of the antibiotics that were tested, 50% of the isolated E. coli strains were resistant to ampicillin, 30.3% to co-trimoxazole, 26.2% to aztreonam, 28.8% to levofloxacin, and 21% to cefuroxime. Conversely, E. coli was highly susceptible to imipenem (0.7% resistant strains isolated), amikacin (0.9%), nitrofurantoin (4.5%), and fosfomycin (1.2%). The most active antimicrobials against Klebsiella pneumoniae were imipenem (6.8% resistant strains) and colistin (0.5%), while piperacillin/tazobactam (4.2%), cefoperazone/sulbactam (3.1%) and imipenem (0%) were the most active agents against Proteus mirabilis. The antimicrobials showing the highest activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa were colistin (10.7% resistant strains) and aztreonam (0%), while piperacillin/tazobactam (7.1%) and cefoperazone/sulbactam (2.3%) showed the highest activity against Enterobacter spp. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of fluoroquinolone and cephalosporin resistance among common UTI-causing Gram-negative bacteria highlights the growing challenge of successfully treating community-onset UTIs.
Authors: Ekaterina S Kuzina; Tatiana S Novikova; Evgeny I Astashkin; Galina N Fedyukina; Angelina A Kislichkina; Natalia V Kurdyumova; Ivan A Savin; Olga N Ershova; Nadezhda K Fursova Journal: Antibiotics (Basel) Date: 2022-07-03