Fiorenza Ferrari1,2, Anita Orlando1, Zaccaria Ricci2,3, Claudio Ronco2,4. 1. Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Emergency Department, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia. 2. International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza (IRRIV), San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza. 3. Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Paediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome. 4. Full Professor of Nephrology - University of Padova.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: There is increasing interest in the environmental and human damage caused by pollutants. Big efforts are continuously made to monitor their levels and identify safe thresholds. For this purpose, an essential step is to prioritize harmful substances and understand their effect on human body. Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) deserve particular attention because of their wide diffusion and potential correlation with different diseases including glucose intolerance, hyperlipidaemia, thyroid diseases, gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertension, testicular and genitourinary cancer as well as impaired kidney function. This review focuses on the renal effects of PFCs, with the attempt to clarify their occurrence and pathogenetic mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS: We reviewed MEDLINE and EMBASE citations between 31 October 2017 and 31 May 2019 and selected human studies measuring PFCs exposure, kidney function markers and the ability of haemodialysis to remove PFCs from the circulating blood. It has been currently clarified that exposure to PFCs is linked with an impaired kidney function and that they can be removed by blood purification. SUMMARY: Further studies are required on the potential synergic negative effect of PFCs co-exposure with other pollutants as well as animal studies about the removal capacity of different haemodialysis membranes.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: There is increasing interest in the environmental and human damage caused by pollutants. Big efforts are continuously made to monitor their levels and identify safe thresholds. For this purpose, an essential step is to prioritize harmful substances and understand their effect on human body. Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) deserve particular attention because of their wide diffusion and potential correlation with different diseases including glucose intolerance, hyperlipidaemia, thyroid diseases, gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertension, testicular and genitourinary cancer as well as impaired kidney function. This review focuses on the renal effects of PFCs, with the attempt to clarify their occurrence and pathogenetic mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS: We reviewed MEDLINE and EMBASE citations between 31 October 2017 and 31 May 2019 and selected human studies measuring PFCs exposure, kidney function markers and the ability of haemodialysis to remove PFCs from the circulating blood. It has been currently clarified that exposure to PFCs is linked with an impaired kidney function and that they can be removed by blood purification. SUMMARY: Further studies are required on the potential synergic negative effect of PFCs co-exposure with other pollutants as well as animal studies about the removal capacity of different haemodialysis membranes.
Authors: Pi-I D Lin; Andres Cardenas; Russ Hauser; Diane R Gold; Ken P Kleinman; Marie-France Hivert; Antonia M Calafat; Thomas F Webster; Edward S Horton; Emily Oken Journal: Environ Int Date: 2021-01-19 Impact factor: 9.621
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