A M Kleiman1, C A Chisholm2, A J Dixon3, B M Sariosek4, R H Thiele5, T L Hedrick6, B Carvalho7, M Tiouririne5. 1. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA. Electronic address: ak8zg@hscmail.mcc.virginia.edu. 2. Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA. 3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Thornton Hall, Charlottesville, VA, USA. 4. Department of Surgical Services, University of Virginia, VA, USA. 5. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA. 6. Department of Surgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA. 7. Department of Anesthesiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Despite significant improvements in outcomes following non-obstetric surgery with implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols, development of these protocols for cesarean delivery is lacking. We evaluated implementation of an ERAS protocol for patients undergoing elective cesarean delivery, specifically the effect on opioid consumption, pain scores and length of stay as well as complications and re-admissions. METHODS: An ERAS protocol was developed and implemented for women undergoing elective cesarean delivery. The protocol construction included specific evidence-based items applicable to peripartum management and these were grouped into the three major phases of patient care: antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum. A before-and-after study design was used to compare maternal outcomes. To account for confounders between groups, a propensity matched scoring analysis was used. The primary outcome was postpartum opioid use in mg-morphine equivalents (MMEQ). RESULTS: We included 357 (n=196 before; n=161 after) women who underwent elective cesarean delivery. A significant difference in opioid consumption (28.4 ± 24.1 vs 46.1 ± 37.0 MMEQ, P <0.001) and in per-day postoperative opioid consumption (10.9 ± 8.7 vs 15.1 ± 10.3 MMEQ, P <0.001), lower peak pain scores (7 [5-9] vs 8 [7-9], P=0.007) and a shorter hospital length of stay (2.5 ± 0.5 vs 2.9 ± 1.2 days, P <0.001) were found after the introduction of the ERAS protocol. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of ERAS protocols for elective cesarean delivery is associated with significant improvements in analgesic and recovery outcomes. These improvements in quality of care suggest ERAS protocols should be considered for elective cesarean delivery.
BACKGROUND: Despite significant improvements in outcomes following non-obstetric surgery with implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols, development of these protocols for cesarean delivery is lacking. We evaluated implementation of an ERAS protocol for patients undergoing elective cesarean delivery, specifically the effect on opioid consumption, pain scores and length of stay as well as complications and re-admissions. METHODS: An ERAS protocol was developed and implemented for women undergoing elective cesarean delivery. The protocol construction included specific evidence-based items applicable to peripartum management and these were grouped into the three major phases of patient care: antepartum, intrapartum and postpartum. A before-and-after study design was used to compare maternal outcomes. To account for confounders between groups, a propensity matched scoring analysis was used. The primary outcome was postpartum opioid use in mg-morphine equivalents (MMEQ). RESULTS: We included 357 (n=196 before; n=161 after) women who underwent elective cesarean delivery. A significant difference in opioid consumption (28.4 ± 24.1 vs 46.1 ± 37.0 MMEQ, P <0.001) and in per-day postoperative opioid consumption (10.9 ± 8.7 vs 15.1 ± 10.3 MMEQ, P <0.001), lower peak pain scores (7 [5-9] vs 8 [7-9], P=0.007) and a shorter hospital length of stay (2.5 ± 0.5 vs 2.9 ± 1.2 days, P <0.001) were found after the introduction of the ERAS protocol. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of ERAS protocols for elective cesarean delivery is associated with significant improvements in analgesic and recovery outcomes. These improvements in quality of care suggest ERAS protocols should be considered for elective cesarean delivery.
Authors: Sunny S Chiao; Khadija K Razzaq; Jessica S Sheeran; Katherine T Forkin; Sarah N Spangler; Ziyad O Knio; Ann L Kellams; Mohamed Tiouririne Journal: J Perinatol Date: 2022-01-10 Impact factor: 3.225
Authors: Kathleen M Antony; Jacquelyn H Adams; Laura Jacques; Scott Hetzel; Richard J Chappell; Sarah E Gnadt; Amye J Tevaarwerk Journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM Date: 2020-11-26