Sonia M Lenehan1,2, Geraldine B Boylan1,2, Vicki Livingstone1,2, Leanna Fogarty1,2, Deirdre Marie Twomey1,2, Janeta Nikolovski3, Alan D Irvine1,4,5,6, Mairead Kiely1,7, Louise C Kenny1, Jonathon O B Hourihane1,2, Deirdre M Murray1,2. 1. Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. 2. Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. 3. Johnson & Johnson Consumer Inc., Skillman, NJ, USA. 4. Pediatric Dermatology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. 5. National Children's Research Centre, Crumlin, Dublin 8, Ireland. 6. Host-pathogen Interactions group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Dublin, Ireland. 7. School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Abstract
AIM: Breastfeeding is associated with IQ, school attendance and income. Despite the known benefits of breastfeeding, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months is low globally. We examined the effect of short-term breastfeeding on long-term IQ. METHODS: In this secondary analysis of the prospective Cork BASELINE Birth Cohort Study, children were categorised as predominantly breastfed (n = 288) versus exclusively formula-fed (n = 254) at 2-months of age. Infants (n = 404) receiving mixed feeding were excluded. Outcome was assessed using the KBIT-II at 5 years. Multivariable linear regression was used to adjust for confounding variables. RESULTS: Following adjustment for confounding variables, children, predominately breastfed at 2 months of age, demonstrated increased overall IQ (2.00 points (95% CI: 0.35 to 3.65); P = .018) and non-verbal IQ at 5 years of age (1.88 points (95% CI: 0.22 to 3.54); P = .027) compared with those never breastfed. No significant relationship was found with verbal IQ (P = .154). CONCLUSION: A significant increase in composite and non-verbal IQ at 5 years of age was associated with short-term breastfeeding. This study adds to a growing body of evidence that short-term breastfeeding promotes healthy cognitive development.
AIM: Breastfeeding is associated with IQ, school attendance and income. Despite the known benefits of breastfeeding, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months is low globally. We examined the effect of short-term breastfeeding on long-term IQ. METHODS: In this secondary analysis of the prospective Cork BASELINE Birth Cohort Study, children were categorised as predominantly breastfed (n = 288) versus exclusively formula-fed (n = 254) at 2-months of age. Infants (n = 404) receiving mixed feeding were excluded. Outcome was assessed using the KBIT-II at 5 years. Multivariable linear regression was used to adjust for confounding variables. RESULTS: Following adjustment for confounding variables, children, predominately breastfed at 2 months of age, demonstrated increased overall IQ (2.00 points (95% CI: 0.35 to 3.65); P = .018) and non-verbal IQ at 5 years of age (1.88 points (95% CI: 0.22 to 3.54); P = .027) compared with those never breastfed. No significant relationship was found with verbal IQ (P = .154). CONCLUSION: A significant increase in composite and non-verbal IQ at 5 years of age was associated with short-term breastfeeding. This study adds to a growing body of evidence that short-term breastfeeding promotes healthy cognitive development.
Authors: Oscar Miranda-Dominguez; Julian S B Ramirez; A J Mitchell; Anders Perrone; Eric Earl; Sam Carpenter; Eric Feczko; Alice Graham; Sookyoung Jeon; Neal J Cohen; Laurie Renner; Martha Neuringer; Matthew J Kuchan; John W Erdman; Damien Fair Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2022-09-08 Impact factor: 4.996
Authors: Deena R Zimmerman; Michael Kaplan; Hanna Shoob; Marlaina Freisthler; Monique Toledano; Chen Stein-Zamir Journal: Isr J Health Policy Res Date: 2022-09-07