Azmi Lale1, Mesut Yur2, Halit Özgül3, Ertuğrul Gazi Alkurt4, Nilgün Yıldırım5, Erhan Aygen6, Abdullah Bahadır Öz7, Türkmen Bahadır Arıkan8. 1. Department of Surgical Oncology, Firat University Medical Faculty Hospital, Turkey. Electronic address: dr.azmilale@hotmail.com. 2. Department of Surgical Oncology, Firat University Medical Faculty Hospital, Turkey. Electronic address: mesutyur@hotmail.com. 3. Department of Surgical Oncology, Firat University Medical Faculty Hospital, Turkey. Electronic address: halitozgul38@gmail.com. 4. Department of Surgical Oncology, Firat University Medical Faculty Hospital, Turkey. Electronic address: egalkurt@hotmail.com. 5. Department of Medical Oncology, Fırat University Medical Faculty Hospital, Turkey. Electronic address: drnilgunsari@yahoo.com. 6. Department of Surgical Oncology, Firat University Medical Faculty Hospital, Turkey. Electronic address: erhanaygen@yahoo.com. 7. Department of General Surgery, Erciyes University Medical Faculty Hospital, Turkey. Electronic address: drbahadir01@gmail.com. 8. Department of General Surgery, Erciyes University Medical Faculty Hospital, Turkey. Electronic address: turkmenarikan@gmail.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors that caused non-sentinel lymph nodes (nonSLNs) metastasis by considering the clinicopathological characteristics of patients who have 1-2 sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis in the clinical early stage (T1-2, N0) breast cancer. METHODS: The demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of the patients were recorded retrospectively. Among these, age, size of the primary breast tumor, tumor localization and multifocality/multicentricity status, preoperative serum Neutrophil/Lymphocyte rate (NLR), c-erbB2/HER2-neu status, Estrogen Receptor (ER) and Progesterone Receptor (PR) status, primary tumor proliferation index (Ki-67), histopathological grade, molecular subtypes, histopathological subtypes, nipple/areola infiltration, Lymphatic Invasion (LI), Vascular Invasion (VI), Perineural Invasion (PNI), number of metastatic SLN m(SLN), mSLN diameter, SLN Extranodal Extension (ENE) status, and number of metastatic nonSLNs were recorded. RESULTS: According to the univariate analysis, the HER2 positivity, Ki-67≥%20, mSLN diameter, LI, VI, PNI, ENE and molecular subtypes were found to be significant. However, the age, tumor localization, multifocality/multicentricity, T stage, ER and PR status, tumor size, histopathological grade and subtypes, nipple/areola infiltration and NLR were not found to be significant. In the multivariate analysis, significant independent predictors in nonSLN metastasis development were found to be HER2 positivity, PNI, mSLN diameter ≥10,5 mm and ENE. CONCLUSION: The HER2 positivity, ENE, PNI and mSLN diameter ≥10,5 mm were found to be very strong predictors in nonSLN metastasis development. The findings of this study have the potential to be a guideline for surgeons and oncologists when determining their patients' treatment plan. These components are candidates for inclusion among the clinicopathological factors that may be used in the new nomograms due to their higher sensitivity and specificity.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors that caused non-sentinel lymph nodes (nonSLNs) metastasis by considering the clinicopathological characteristics of patients who have 1-2 sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastasis in the clinical early stage (T1-2, N0) breast cancer. METHODS: The demographic and clinicopathological characteristics of the patients were recorded retrospectively. Among these, age, size of the primary breast tumor, tumor localization and multifocality/multicentricity status, preoperative serum Neutrophil/Lymphocyte rate (NLR), c-erbB2/HER2-neu status, Estrogen Receptor (ER) and Progesterone Receptor (PR) status, primary tumor proliferation index (Ki-67), histopathological grade, molecular subtypes, histopathological subtypes, nipple/areola infiltration, Lymphatic Invasion (LI), Vascular Invasion (VI), Perineural Invasion (PNI), number of metastatic SLN m(SLN), mSLN diameter, SLN Extranodal Extension (ENE) status, and number of metastatic nonSLNs were recorded. RESULTS: According to the univariate analysis, the HER2 positivity, Ki-67≥%20, mSLN diameter, LI, VI, PNI, ENE and molecular subtypes were found to be significant. However, the age, tumor localization, multifocality/multicentricity, T stage, ER and PR status, tumor size, histopathological grade and subtypes, nipple/areola infiltration and NLR were not found to be significant. In the multivariate analysis, significant independent predictors in nonSLN metastasis development were found to be HER2 positivity, PNI, mSLN diameter ≥10,5 mm and ENE. CONCLUSION: The HER2 positivity, ENE, PNI and mSLN diameter ≥10,5 mm were found to be very strong predictors in nonSLN metastasis development. The findings of this study have the potential to be a guideline for surgeons and oncologists when determining their patients' treatment plan. These components are candidates for inclusion among the clinicopathological factors that may be used in the new nomograms due to their higher sensitivity and specificity.
Authors: Li Yang; Hongbiao Wang; Jinping Ma; Jinyan Hao; Chunxia Zhang; Qiang Ma; Bin Wang Journal: Am J Transl Res Date: 2021-03-15 Impact factor: 4.060