Atypical ubiquitin-binding protein SHARPIN promotes breast cancer progression.

Breast cancer ranks first among female malignancies worldwide, and estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women. Abnormal oncogenic signaling has important effects on the development of breast cancer, such as ERα/ ESR1 (estrogen receptor alpha), PTEN (gene of phosphate and tension homology deleted on chromsome ten), NFκB(nuclear factor κB), and tumor protein p53 (p53 / TP53). SHARPIN is a ubiquitin-related protein that has important regulatory functions in inflammation control, immune organ development, and cancer development. SHARPIN is highly expressed in many cancers, especially in breast cancer. It plays an important role in controlling important carcinogenic pathways in breast cancer, such as p53 and ERα. This review emphasizes the functional role of SHARPIN and the recent advances in the molecular mechanisms by which SHARPIN regulates breast cancer development through ubiquitination.