Using a frame of reference for talking to patients about death and dying.

Recent years have seen a recognition of the importance of talking openly to patients at the end of life about death and dying. This article aims to add to the existing body of literature on this subject. Conversations at the end of life can be difficult, particularly if the patient is experiencing mental distress alongside their terminal illness. A number of factors can disrupt a constructive and supportive conversation around death and dying. This article offers a frame of reference for nurses to consider when having such conversations.