Giammauro Berardi1, Zenichi Morise2, Carlo Sposito3, Kazuharu Igarashi4, Valentina Panetta5, Ilaria Simonelli5, Sungho Kim6, Brian K P Goh7, Shoji Kubo8, Shogo Tanaka8, Yutaka Takeda9, Giuseppe Maria Ettorre10, Gregory C Wilson11, Matteo Cimino12, Chung-Yip Chan7, Guido Torzilli12, Tan To Cheung13, Hironori Kaneko14, Vincenzo Mazzaferro3, David A Geller11, Ho-Seong Han6, Akishige Kanazawa15, Go Wakabayashi4, Roberto Ivan Troisi16. 1. Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy; Department of Human Structure and Repair, Gent University Hospital, Belgium; Department for Advanced Treatment of HBP Diseases, Ageo Central General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. 2. Department. of Surgery, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake, Japan. 3. Department of HBP Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy. 4. Department for Advanced Treatment of HBP Diseases, Ageo Central General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. 5. Laltrastatistica Consultancy and Training, Biostatistics Department, Rome, Italy. 6. Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. 7. Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore. 8. Department of Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Japan. 9. Department of Surgery, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Amagasaki, Japan. 10. Department of General and HBP Surgery, Liver Transplantation Service, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Rome, Italy. 11. Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. 12. Department of General Surgery, Humanitas University and Research Hospital, IRCCS, Milano, Italy. 13. Division of HBP and Liver Transplant, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, China. 14. Department of Surgery, Toho University of Tokyo, Japan. 15. Department of Surgery, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan. 16. Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy; Department of Human Structure and Repair, Gent University Hospital, Belgium; Department of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Al Faisal University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: roberto.troisi@unina.it.
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Treatment allocation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on a background of Child-Pugh B (CP-B) cirrhosis is controversial. Liver resection has been proposed in small series with acceptable outcomes, but data are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of patients undergoing liver resection for HCC in CP-B cirrhosis, focusing on the surgical risks and survival. METHODS: Patients were retrospectively pooled from 14 international referral centers from 2002 to 2017. Postoperative and oncological outcomes were investigated. Prediction models for surgical risks, disease-free survival and overall survival were constructed. RESULTS: A total of 253 patients were included, of whom 57.3% of patients had a preoperative platelet count <100,000/mm3, 43.5% had preoperative ascites, and 56.9% had portal hypertension. A minor hepatectomy was most commonly performed (84.6%) and 122 (48.2%) were operated on by minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Ninety-day mortality was 4.3% with 6 patients (2.3%) dying from liver failure. One hundred and eight patients (42.7%) experienced complications, of which the most common was ascites (37.5%). Patients undergoing major hepatectomies had higher 90-day mortality (10.3% vs. 3.3%; p = 0.04) and morbidity rates (69.2% vs. 37.9%; p <0.001). Patients undergoing an open hepatectomy had higher morbidity (52.7% vs. 31.9%; p = 0.001) than those undergoing MIS. A prediction model for surgical risk was constructed (https://childb.shinyapps.io/morbidity/). The 5-year overall survival rate was 47%, and 56.9% of patients experienced recurrence. Prediction models for overall survival (https://childb.shinyapps.io/survival/) and disease-free survival (https://childb.shinyapps.io/DFsurvival/) were constructed. CONCLUSIONS: Liver resection should be considered for patients with HCC and CP-B cirrhosis after careful selection according to patient characteristics, tumor pattern and liver function, while aiming to minimize surgical stress. An estimation of the surgical risk and survival advantage may be helpful in treatment allocation, eventually improving postoperative morbidity and achieving safe oncological outcomes. LAY SUMMARY: Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in advanced cirrhosis (Child-Pugh B score) is associated with a high rate of postoperative complications. However, due to the limited therapeutic alternatives in this setting, recent studies have shown promising results after accurate patient selection. In our international multicenter study, we provide 3 clinical models to predict postoperative surgical risks and long-term survival following liver resection, with the aim of improving treatment allocation and eventually clinical outcomes.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Treatment allocation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on a background of Child-Pugh B (CP-B) cirrhosis is controversial. Liver resection has been proposed in small series with acceptable outcomes, but data are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of patients undergoing liver resection for HCC in CP-Bcirrhosis, focusing on the surgical risks and survival. METHODS:Patients were retrospectively pooled from 14 international referral centers from 2002 to 2017. Postoperative and oncological outcomes were investigated. Prediction models for surgical risks, disease-free survival and overall survival were constructed. RESULTS: A total of 253 patients were included, of whom 57.3% of patients had a preoperative platelet count <100,000/mm3, 43.5% had preoperative ascites, and 56.9% had portal hypertension. A minor hepatectomy was most commonly performed (84.6%) and 122 (48.2%) were operated on by minimally invasive surgery (MIS). Ninety-day mortality was 4.3% with 6 patients (2.3%) dying from liver failure. One hundred and eight patients (42.7%) experienced complications, of which the most common was ascites (37.5%). Patients undergoing major hepatectomies had higher 90-day mortality (10.3% vs. 3.3%; p = 0.04) and morbidity rates (69.2% vs. 37.9%; p <0.001). Patients undergoing an open hepatectomy had higher morbidity (52.7% vs. 31.9%; p = 0.001) than those undergoing MIS. A prediction model for surgical risk was constructed (https://childb.shinyapps.io/morbidity/). The 5-year overall survival rate was 47%, and 56.9% of patients experienced recurrence. Prediction models for overall survival (https://childb.shinyapps.io/survival/) and disease-free survival (https://childb.shinyapps.io/DFsurvival/) were constructed. CONCLUSIONS: Liver resection should be considered for patients with HCC and CP-Bcirrhosis after careful selection according to patient characteristics, tumor pattern and liver function, while aiming to minimize surgical stress. An estimation of the surgical risk and survival advantage may be helpful in treatment allocation, eventually improving postoperative morbidity and achieving safe oncological outcomes. LAY SUMMARY: Liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in advanced cirrhosis (Child-Pugh B score) is associated with a high rate of postoperative complications. However, due to the limited therapeutic alternatives in this setting, recent studies have shown promising results after accurate patient selection. In our international multicenter study, we provide 3 clinical models to predict postoperative surgical risks and long-term survival following liver resection, with the aim of improving treatment allocation and eventually clinical outcomes.
Authors: T Filardi; F Panimolle; C Tiberti; C Crescioli; A Lenzi; N Pallotta; S Morano Journal: J Endocrinol Invest Date: 2020-04-30 Impact factor: 4.256
Authors: Josep M Llovet; Robin Kate Kelley; Augusto Villanueva; Amit G Singal; Eli Pikarsky; Sasan Roayaie; Riccardo Lencioni; Kazuhiko Koike; Jessica Zucman-Rossi; Richard S Finn Journal: Nat Rev Dis Primers Date: 2021-01-21 Impact factor: 52.329
Authors: Xiaobo Wang; Zhaohui Zhang; Zhangqiang Wu; Yuezong Sun; Yili Zhang; Ming Gong; Feng Ji Journal: Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban Date: 2020-05-25