Kamilla W Miskowiak1,2, Ida Seeberg1,2, Hanne L Kjaerstad1, Katherine E Burdick3,4, Anabel Martinez-Aran5, Caterina Del Mar Bonnin5, Christopher R Bowie6, Andre F Carvalho7,8, Peter Gallagher9, Gregor Hasler10, Beny Lafer11, Carlos López-Jaramillo12, Tomiki Sumiyoshi13, Roger S McIntyre14, Ayal Schaffer8, Richard J Porter15, Scot Purdon16, Ivan J Torres17, Lakshmi N Yatham17, Allan H Young18, Lars V Kessing1, Tamsyn E Van Rheenen19,20, Eduard Vieta5. 1. Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre (CADIC), Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. 2. Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. 4. Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 5. Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain. 6. Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada. 7. Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada. 8. Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. 9. Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK. 10. Psychiatry Research Unit, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland. 11. Bipolar Disorder Research Program, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. 12. Research Group in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. 13. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Translational Medical Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan. 14. Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. 15. Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand. 16. Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. 17. Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. 18. Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK. 19. Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia. 20. Centre for Mental Health, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University, Australia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Impairments in affective cognition are part of the neurocognitive profile and possible treatment targets in bipolar disorder (BD), but the findings are heterogeneous. The International Society of Bipolar Disorder (ISBD) Targeting Cognition Task Force conducted a systematic review to (i) identify the most consistent findings in affective cognition in BD, and (ii) provide suggestions for affective cognitive domains for future study and meta-analyses. METHODS: The review included original studies reporting behavioral measures of affective cognition in BD patients vs controls following the procedures of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Searches were conducted on PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsychInfo from inception until November 2018. RESULTS: A total of 106 articles were included (of which nine included data for several affective domains); 41 studies assessed emotional face processing; 23 studies investigated reactivity to emotional words and images; 3 investigated explicit emotion regulation; 17 assessed implicit emotion regulation; 31 assessed reward processing and affective decision making. In general, findings were inconsistent. The most consistent findings were trait-related difficulties in facial emotion recognition and implicit emotion regulation, and impairments in reward processing and affective decision making during mood episodes. Studies using eye-tracking and facial emotion analysis revealed subtle trait-related abnormalities in emotional reactivity. CONCLUSION: The ISBD Task Force recommends facial expression recognition, implicit emotion regulation, and reward processing as domains for future research and meta-analyses. An important step to aid comparability between studies in the field would be to reach consensus on an affective cognition test battery for BD.
BACKGROUND: Impairments in affective cognition are part of the neurocognitive profile and possible treatment targets in bipolar disorder (BD), but the findings are heterogeneous. The International Society of Bipolar Disorder (ISBD) Targeting Cognition Task Force conducted a systematic review to (i) identify the most consistent findings in affective cognition in BD, and (ii) provide suggestions for affective cognitive domains for future study and meta-analyses. METHODS: The review included original studies reporting behavioral measures of affective cognition in BD patients vs controls following the procedures of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Searches were conducted on PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsychInfo from inception until November 2018. RESULTS: A total of 106 articles were included (of which nine included data for several affective domains); 41 studies assessed emotional face processing; 23 studies investigated reactivity to emotional words and images; 3 investigated explicit emotion regulation; 17 assessed implicit emotion regulation; 31 assessed reward processing and affective decision making. In general, findings were inconsistent. The most consistent findings were trait-related difficulties in facial emotion recognition and implicit emotion regulation, and impairments in reward processing and affective decision making during mood episodes. Studies using eye-tracking and facial emotion analysis revealed subtle trait-related abnormalities in emotional reactivity. CONCLUSION: The ISBD Task Force recommends facial expression recognition, implicit emotion regulation, and reward processing as domains for future research and meta-analyses. An important step to aid comparability between studies in the field would be to reach consensus on an affective cognition test battery for BD.
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