Li-Chuan Chuang1,2, Yi-Jing Hwang1, Yun-Chia Lian1,2, Michèle Hervy-Auboiron3, Paola Pirelli4, Yu-Shu Huang5, Christian Guilleminault6. 1. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan. 2. Graduate Institute of Craniofacial and Dental Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. 3. Orthodontic Institute, Noisy-Lesec, France. 4. Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy. 5. Department of Pediatric Psychiatry and Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, No. 5, Fuxing St., Guishan Dist, Taoyuan City, 333, Taiwan. yushuhuang1212@gmail.com. 6. Stanford University Sleep Medicine Division, Stanford, CA, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To examine the craniofacial and airway morphology as well as the quality of life before and after passive myofunctional therapy (PMFT) for 1 year in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS: Forty children with OSA wearing an oral device nightly (treatment group) and seventeen without the device (control group) were followed up for 1 year. Lateral cephalometric radiography, polysomnography (without participants wearing the oral device), and quality of life survey (OSA-18) were performed before and after the study period. RESULTS: The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) during sleep, REM AHI, hypopnea count, and desaturation count in the treatment group dropped significantly, compared with the control group. The craniofacial linear measurements increased significantly in both groups, while the length of mandible (Co-Gn) and anterior facial height (N-Me) became significantly larger in the treatment group. For the airway morphology, the intergroup comparison showed that OPha-Ophp (distance between anterior and posterior sides of oropharynx) increased significantly in the treatment group. For quality of life, the intergroup comparison found statistically significant improvements in the following in the treatment group, based on the OSA-18 survey: loud snoring, dysphagia, mood swings, discipline problems, difficulty awakening, total score for the emotional distress portion, and total survey score. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary evidence is substantiated for the benefits of 1-year PMFT using an oral device with a built-in tongue bead, including improvements in nasal breathing during sleep, mandible linear growth (Co-Gn and N-Me), airway morphology (OPha-Ophp), and patients' quality of life.
PURPOSE: To examine the craniofacial and airway morphology as well as the quality of life before and after passive myofunctional therapy (PMFT) for 1 year in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS: Forty children with OSA wearing an oral device nightly (treatment group) and seventeen without the device (control group) were followed up for 1 year. Lateral cephalometric radiography, polysomnography (without participants wearing the oral device), and quality of life survey (OSA-18) were performed before and after the study period. RESULTS: The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) during sleep, REM AHI, hypopnea count, and desaturation count in the treatment group dropped significantly, compared with the control group. The craniofacial linear measurements increased significantly in both groups, while the length of mandible (Co-Gn) and anterior facial height (N-Me) became significantly larger in the treatment group. For the airway morphology, the intergroup comparison showed that OPha-Ophp (distance between anterior and posterior sides of oropharynx) increased significantly in the treatment group. For quality of life, the intergroup comparison found statistically significant improvements in the following in the treatment group, based on the OSA-18 survey: loud snoring, dysphagia, mood swings, discipline problems, difficulty awakening, total score for the emotional distress portion, and total survey score. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary evidence is substantiated for the benefits of 1-year PMFT using an oral device with a built-in tongue bead, including improvements in nasal breathing during sleep, mandible linear growth (Co-Gn and N-Me), airway morphology (OPha-Ophp), and patients' quality of life.
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