Developing a strategic framework for adopting water-saving measures in construction projects.

The construction industry consumes substantial water resources. Thus, there is a necessity to adopt effective water-saving measures to reduce water consumption in construction projects. The aim of this paper is providing a strategic framework of water-saving measures for different phases of a construction project. To start with, the prevailing green building rating tools were investigated to explore the alternative water-saving measures. Then, a comparative analysis utilizing relative significance indexing was conducted to identify the foci of water-saving measures in various green building rating tools. Based on the derived results, ten water-saving measures, namely rainwater harvesting, usage of recycled water, NEWater, water-saving technologies, water-saving devices, water-saving efficiency, water monitoring system, monitoring of major water uses, leak detection, and continuous water monitoring, were identified. These measures were further categorized into three strategic aspects, such as water sources substitution, water consumption reduction, and water use monitoring. Based on the results, a strategic framework was developed for reducing water consumption and improving water use efficiency. The developed framework can serve as a systematic guideline for formulating water-saving schemes in different stages of construction projects.