Talia Pindyck1, Jacqueline E Tate2, Isidore Juste O Bonkoungou3, George Armah4, Hilda Angela Mujuru5, Celse Rugambwa6, Jason M Mwenda7, Umesh Parashar2. 1. Epidemic Intelligence Services (EIS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), United States; Division of Viral Diseases, CDC, United States. Electronic address: nrb1@cdc.gov. 2. Division of Viral Diseases, CDC, United States. 3. UFR/SVT, University Ouaga 1, Pr Joseph KI-ZERBO, Burkina Faso; National Public Health Laboratory, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. 4. Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Ghana. 5. Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Zimbabwe, College of Health Sciences, Zimbabwe. 6. WHO Country Office, Kigali, Rwanda. 7. WHO Regional Office for Africa, WHO/AFRO, Brazzaville, Congo.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The majority of countries with the highest rotavirus-associated death rates are in sub-Saharan Africa. In 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended routine vaccination against rotavirus worldwide, with unique age recommendations to administer the first dose before 15 weeks of age and last dose by 32 weeks of age. These age restrictions were relaxed in January 2013, but they may still lead to lower rotavirus vaccine coverage. METHODS: Children age-eligible to have received rotavirus vaccine that were enrolled in Ghana, Zimbabwe, Rwanda or Burkina Faso's active rotavirus surveillance platforms from 2013 to 2017 and had a stool specimen that tested rotavirus-negative were included in the analysis. Proportion vaccinated and timeliness of rotavirus vaccine versus DTPw-HepB-Hib (pentavalent) first dose and last dose were compared at weeks 15 and 32, respectively, using Chi-square analyses. Odds ratios were calculated using logistic regression. RESULTS: Among children who received rotavirus vaccine dose 1, 96-99% received this dose by 15 weeks of age and among children who received the last dose, 98-99% received it by 32 weeks of age. In all four countries, there was no significant difference in the proportion of children who received first dose rotavirus versus pentavalent vaccine by week 15, or last dose rotavirus versus concordant pentavalent vaccine by week 32. Delayed administration of first dose pentavalent vaccine was significantly associated with missing first dose of rotavirus vaccine in 3 of the 4 countries studied, although delays in administration were rare (1-4%). CONCLUSIONS: Rotavirus vaccination was timely among sentinel sites in these four early rotavirus vaccine-introducing countries in Africa. Late presentation for vaccination may have resulted in some children with access to care missing first dose of rotavirus vaccine; however, vaccination delays were infrequent and therefore the potential impact of the age restrictions on overall proportion vaccinated was minimal. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
BACKGROUND: The majority of countries with the highest rotavirus-associated death rates are in sub-Saharan Africa. In 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended routine vaccination against rotavirus worldwide, with unique age recommendations to administer the first dose before 15 weeks of age and last dose by 32 weeks of age. These age restrictions were relaxed in January 2013, but they may still lead to lower rotavirus vaccine coverage. METHODS: Children age-eligible to have received rotavirus vaccine that were enrolled in Ghana, Zimbabwe, Rwanda or Burkina Faso's active rotavirus surveillance platforms from 2013 to 2017 and had a stool specimen that tested rotavirus-negative were included in the analysis. Proportion vaccinated and timeliness of rotavirus vaccine versus DTPw-HepB-Hib (pentavalent) first dose and last dose were compared at weeks 15 and 32, respectively, using Chi-square analyses. Odds ratios were calculated using logistic regression. RESULTS: Among children who received rotavirus vaccine dose 1, 96-99% received this dose by 15 weeks of age and among children who received the last dose, 98-99% received it by 32 weeks of age. In all four countries, there was no significant difference in the proportion of children who received first dose rotavirus versus pentavalent vaccine by week 15, or last dose rotavirus versus concordant pentavalent vaccine by week 32. Delayed administration of first dose pentavalent vaccine was significantly associated with missing first dose of rotavirus vaccine in 3 of the 4 countries studied, although delays in administration were rare (1-4%). CONCLUSIONS: Rotavirus vaccination was timely among sentinel sites in these four early rotavirus vaccine-introducing countries in Africa. Late presentation for vaccination may have resulted in some children with access to care missing first dose of rotavirus vaccine; however, vaccination delays were infrequent and therefore the potential impact of the age restrictions on overall proportion vaccinated was minimal. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Authors: Jacqueline E Tate; Fidele Ngabo; Philippe Donnen; Maurice Gatera; Jeannine Uwimana; Celse Rugambwa; Jason M Mwenda; Umesh D Parashar Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2016-05-01 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: George Armah; Kimberly Pringle; Christabel C Enweronu-Laryea; Daniel Ansong; Jason M Mwenda; Stanley K Diamenu; Clement Narh; Belinda Lartey; Fred Binka; Scott Grytdal; Manish Patel; Umesh Parashar; Ben Lopman Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2016-05-01 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Lauren M Schwartz; M Elizabeth Halloran; Ali Rowhani-Rahbar; Kathleen M Neuzil; John C Victor Journal: Vaccine Date: 2016-11-18 Impact factor: 3.641