Naixin Kang1, Wenhua Shen2, Yong Zhang1, Zhetong Su3, Shilin Yang4, Yanli Liu5, Qiongming Xu6. 1. College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China. 2. College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; College of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China. 3. Sichuan Innovate Medical Technology Co. Ltd., Chengdu 610093, China. 4. College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, China. 5. College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China. Electronic address: liuyanli@suda.edu.cn. 6. College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, China. Electronic address: xuqiongming@suda.edu.cn.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Pulsatilla chinensis is commonly used for the treatment of cancers and inflammatory disorders in China. Our recent studies showed that anemoside B4, its major ingredient, possessed notable antioxidant and protected cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in vivo. Furthermore, we found the protective effect might be involved its anti-inflammation activities. However, its anti-inflammatory mechanisms are not clear. PURPOSE: In the present study, we extensively investigated the anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory properties of anemoside B4 in vivo. METHODS: To carry out this work, the xylene-induced ear edema and LPS-induced systemic inflammation of mice model was also used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity. Then, anti-inflammatory mechanism of anemoside B4 was further determined by pro-inflammatory cytokines production using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nuclear factor-κ-gene binding (NF-κB) pathway activation by Western blot. At last, immuno-modulatory effects were observed by splenocyte proliferation assay, delayed type hypersensitivity assay (DTH) and T cell subtype assay in mice. RESULTS: 12.5-50 mg/kg anemoside B4 significantly suppressed xylene-induced mice ear edema. Furthermore, it ameliorated LPS-induced kidney and lung inflammation damage, which inhibited pro-inflammatory response by NF-κB pathway in mice. In addition, anemoside B4 decreased CD4+/CD8+ ratio, inhibited splenic lymphocyte proliferation and decreased DNFB-induced changes of ear thickness. CONCLUSION: From these data, it can be concluded that anemoside B4 presented anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory activities in vivo, and potentially be a novel natural anti-inflammatory drug candidate for treating inflammatory disorder.
BACKGROUND:Pulsatilla chinensis is commonly used for the treatment of cancers and inflammatory disorders in China. Our recent studies showed that anemoside B4, its major ingredient, possessed notable antioxidant and protected cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in vivo. Furthermore, we found the protective effect might be involved its anti-inflammation activities. However, its anti-inflammatory mechanisms are not clear. PURPOSE: In the present study, we extensively investigated the anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory properties of anemoside B4 in vivo. METHODS: To carry out this work, the xylene-induced ear edema and LPS-induced systemic inflammation of mice model was also used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity. Then, anti-inflammatory mechanism of anemoside B4 was further determined by pro-inflammatory cytokines production using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nuclear factor-κ-gene binding (NF-κB) pathway activation by Western blot. At last, immuno-modulatory effects were observed by splenocyte proliferation assay, delayed type hypersensitivity assay (DTH) and T cell subtype assay in mice. RESULTS: 12.5-50 mg/kg anemoside B4 significantly suppressed xylene-induced miceear edema. Furthermore, it ameliorated LPS-induced kidney and lung inflammation damage, which inhibited pro-inflammatory response by NF-κB pathway in mice. In addition, anemoside B4 decreased CD4+/CD8+ ratio, inhibited splenic lymphocyte proliferation and decreased DNFB-induced changes of ear thickness. CONCLUSION: From these data, it can be concluded that anemoside B4 presented anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory activities in vivo, and potentially be a novel natural anti-inflammatory drug candidate for treating inflammatory disorder.