Yaling Pan1, Qiaoran Chen2, Tongtong Chen1, Hanqi Wang1, Xiaolei Zhu1, Zhihui Fang3, Yong Lu4. 1. Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. 2. Shenzhen Yi-Yuan Intelligence Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518064, China. 3. Shanghai Quality Creation Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200050, China. 4. Department of Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. ly10936@rjh.com.cn.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To automatically measure the Cobb angle and diagnose scoliosis on chest X-rays, a computer-aided method was proposed and the reliability and accuracy were evaluated. METHODS: Two Mask R-CNN models as the core of a computer-aided method were used to separately detect and segment the spine and all vertebral bodies on chest X-rays, and the Cobb angle of the spinal curve was measured from the output of the Mask R-CNN models. To evaluate the reliability and accuracy of the computer-aided method, the Cobb angles on 248 chest X-rays from lung cancer screening were measured automatically using a computer-aided method, and two experienced radiologists used a manual method to separately measure Cobb angles on the aforementioned chest X-rays. RESULTS: For manual measurement of the Cobb angle on chest X-rays, the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of intra- and inter-observer reliability analysis was 0.941 and 0.887, respectively, and the mean absolute differences were < 3.5°. The ICC between the computer-aided and manual methods for Cobb angle measurement was 0.854, and the mean absolute difference was 3.32°. These results indicated that the computer-aided method had good reliability for Cobb angle measurement on chest X-rays. Using the mean value of Cobb angles in manual measurements > 10° as a reference standard for scoliosis, the computer-aided method achieved a high level of sensitivity (89.59%) and a relatively low level of specificity (70.37%) for diagnosing scoliosis on chest X-rays. CONCLUSION: The computer-aided method has potential for automatic Cobb angle measurement and scoliosis diagnosis on chest X-rays. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
OBJECTIVES: To automatically measure the Cobb angle and diagnose scoliosis on chest X-rays, a computer-aided method was proposed and the reliability and accuracy were evaluated. METHODS: Two Mask R-CNN models as the core of a computer-aided method were used to separately detect and segment the spine and all vertebral bodies on chest X-rays, and the Cobb angle of the spinal curve was measured from the output of the Mask R-CNN models. To evaluate the reliability and accuracy of the computer-aided method, the Cobb angles on 248 chest X-rays from lung cancer screening were measured automatically using a computer-aided method, and two experienced radiologists used a manual method to separately measure Cobb angles on the aforementioned chest X-rays. RESULTS: For manual measurement of the Cobb angle on chest X-rays, the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of intra- and inter-observer reliability analysis was 0.941 and 0.887, respectively, and the mean absolute differences were < 3.5°. The ICC between the computer-aided and manual methods for Cobb angle measurement was 0.854, and the mean absolute difference was 3.32°. These results indicated that the computer-aided method had good reliability for Cobb angle measurement on chest X-rays. Using the mean value of Cobb angles in manual measurements > 10° as a reference standard for scoliosis, the computer-aided method achieved a high level of sensitivity (89.59%) and a relatively low level of specificity (70.37%) for diagnosing scoliosis on chest X-rays. CONCLUSION: The computer-aided method has potential for automatic Cobb angle measurement and scoliosis diagnosis on chest X-rays. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
Entities:
Keywords:
Chest X-rays; Cobb angle; Computer-aided; Deep learning; Scoliosis
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