Alvaro Robin-Lersundi1, Ana Abella Alvarez2, Carlos San Miguel Mendez3, Almudena Moreno Elalo-Olaso3, Arturo Cruz Cidoncha3, Asunción Aguilera Velardo3, Federico Gordo Vidal2,4, Miguel-Angel García-Ureña3,5. 1. Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario del Henares, Avda. Marie Curie, s/n, 28822, Coslada, Madrid, Spain. adelvalle@hotmail.com. 2. Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital Universitario del Henares, Avda. Marie Curie, s/n, 28822, Coslada, Madrid, Spain. 3. Department of Surgery, Hospital Universitario del Henares, Avda. Marie Curie, s/n, 28822, Coslada, Madrid, Spain. 4. Grupo de Investigación en Patología Crítica, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain. 5. Grupo de Investigación en Pared Abdominal, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Up to 25% of patients with acute pancreatitis develop severe complications and are classified as severe pancreatitis with a high death rate. To improve outcomes, patients may require interventional measures including surgical procedures. Multidisciplinary approach and best practice guidelines are important to decrease mortality. METHODS: We have conducted a retrospective analysis from a prospectively maintained database in a low-volume hospital. A total of 1075 patients were attended for acute pancreatitis over a ten-year period. We have analysed 44 patients meeting the criteria for severe acute pancreatitis and for intensive care unit (ICU) admittance. Demographics and clinical data were analysed. Patients were treated according to international guidelines and a multidisciplinary flowchart for acute pancreatitis and a step-up approach for pancreatic necrosis. RESULTS: Forty-four patients were admitted to the ICU due to severe acute pancreatitis. Twenty-five patients needed percutaneous drainage of peri-pancreatic or abdominal fluid collections or cholecystitis. Eight patients underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for choledocholithiasis and biliary sepsis or pancreatic leakage, and one patient received endoscopic trans-gastric endoscopic prosthesis for pancreatic necrosis. Sixteen patients underwent surgery: six patients for septic abdomen, four patients for pancreatic necrosis and two patients due to abdominal compartment syndrome. Four patients had a combination of surgical procedures for pancreatic necrosis and for abdominal compartment syndrome. Overall mortality was 9.1%. CONCLUSION: Severe acute pancreatitis represents a complex pathology that requires a multidisciplinary approach. Establishing best practice treatments and evidence-based guidelines for severe acute pancreatitis may improve outcomes in low-volume hospitals.
BACKGROUND: Up to 25% of patients with acute pancreatitis develop severe complications and are classified as severe pancreatitis with a high death rate. To improve outcomes, patients may require interventional measures including surgical procedures. Multidisciplinary approach and best practice guidelines are important to decrease mortality. METHODS: We have conducted a retrospective analysis from a prospectively maintained database in a low-volume hospital. A total of 1075 patients were attended for acute pancreatitis over a ten-year period. We have analysed 44 patients meeting the criteria for severe acute pancreatitis and for intensive care unit (ICU) admittance. Demographics and clinical data were analysed. Patients were treated according to international guidelines and a multidisciplinary flowchart for acute pancreatitis and a step-up approach for pancreatic necrosis. RESULTS: Forty-four patients were admitted to the ICU due to severe acute pancreatitis. Twenty-five patients needed percutaneous drainage of peri-pancreatic or abdominal fluid collections or cholecystitis. Eight patients underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for choledocholithiasis and biliary sepsis or pancreatic leakage, and one patient received endoscopic trans-gastric endoscopic prosthesis for pancreatic necrosis. Sixteen patients underwent surgery: six patients for septic abdomen, four patients for pancreatic necrosis and two patients due to abdominal compartment syndrome. Four patients had a combination of surgical procedures for pancreatic necrosis and for abdominal compartment syndrome. Overall mortality was 9.1%. CONCLUSION: Severe acute pancreatitis represents a complex pathology that requires a multidisciplinary approach. Establishing best practice treatments and evidence-based guidelines for severe acute pancreatitis may improve outcomes in low-volume hospitals.
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