| Literature DB >> 31435106 |
Jurandir Antunes Filho1, Armando D'Lucca de Castro E Silva1, Adriano Fernando Mendes Junior1, Felipe Jader Coelho Pereira1, Igor Gerdi Oppe1, Elmano de Araújo Loures1.
Abstract
Objective To evaluate predictive factors of death in patients aged ≥ 70 years old with proximal femoral fracture (PFF) submitted to surgical treatment. Methods An analysis of medical records by creating a retrospective cohort with a 6-month follow-up. A total of 124 charts were analyzed after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All of the patients were treated by a single orthopedic surgeon under uniform conditions. Results The mortality rate was of 34.7%, and the most common profile was female, 85 years old, and with at least 1 comorbidity. Patients > 85 years old, hospitalized for > 7 days, with at least 1 comorbidity, and staying at the intensive care unit (ICU) had a higher risk of death (2, 2.5, 4, and 4 times higher, respectively). Conclusion Regarding the death outcome, although we did not find a statistically significant difference in the topography of the lesion and in its behavior in its coexistence with ICU hospitalization, we believe that further investigations under this perspective are required in a population with the studied profile.Entities:
Year: 2019 PMID: 31435106 PMCID: PMC6701965 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1692179
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) ISSN: 0102-3616
Features of the Patients of the Study
| Variables |
| % |
|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 124 | 100.0 |
| Gender (female) | 87 | 70.2 |
| Age group (> 85 years old) | 56 | 45.2 |
| Hospitalization period (> 7 days) | 54 | 43.5 |
| Number of comorbidities | ||
| 0 | 23 | 18.5 |
| 1 | 40 | 32.3 |
| 2 | 35 | 28.2 |
| 3 | 20 | 16.1 |
| 4 | 6 | 4.8 |
| Topography | ||
| FIT | 78 | 62.9 |
| FNF | 46 | 37.1 |
| ICU Admission (yes) | 51 | 41.1 |
| Outcome (death) | 43 | 34.7 |
Abbreviations: ICU, intensive care unit; FNF, femoral neck fracture; FIT, intertrochanteric fracture.
Odds ratio for death risk in patients ≥ 70 years old submitted to surgical treatment for proximal femoral fracture
| Variable/category | Deaths |
| OR | 95%CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| % | ||||
|
| |||||
| Male | 14 | 37.80 | – | – | – |
| Female | 29 | 33.30 | 0.630 | 0.82 | 0.37–1.83 |
|
| |||||
| ≤ 85 years old | 18 | 26.50 | – | – | – |
| > 85 years old | 25 | 44.60 |
0.030
| 2.24 | 1.705–4.76 |
|
| |||||
| ≤ 7 days | 18 | 25.70 | – | – | – |
| > 7 days | 25 | 46.30 |
0.020
| 2.49 | 1.17–5.31 |
|
| |||||
| No | 3 | 13.00 | – | – | – |
| Yes | 40 | 39.60 |
0.020
| 4.37 | 1.22–15.68 |
|
| |||||
| No | 16 | 21.90 | – | – | – |
| Yes | 27 | 52.90 |
< 0.001
| 4.01 | 1.84–8.75 |
|
| |||||
| FIT | 24 | 30.80 | – | – | – |
| FNF | 19 | 41.30 | 0.230 | 1.58 | 0.74–3.38 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; FIT, intertrochanteric fracture; FNF, femoral neck fracture; ICU, intensive care unit; OR; odds ratio.
Significant differences at χ 2 test ( p < 0.05).
Fig. 1Comparison of patients with transtrochanteric/intertrochanteric (FIT) or FNF and their outcome in relation to age. *, statistically significant difference, p = 0.027.
Logistic model for death probability calculation in patients aged ≥ 70 yearsold submitted to surgical treatment for proximal femoral fracture ( n = 124)
| Variable | Parameter estimation | Standard error |
| Odds Ratio (95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 0.068 | 0.033 | 0.039 | 1.07 (1.00–1.14) |
| Hospitalization > 7 days | 0.631 | 0.427 | 0.140 | 1.88 (0.81–4.34) |
| FNF | 0.502 | 0.426 | 0.239 | 1.65 (0.72–3.81) |
| ICU Admission | 1.106 | 0.426 | 0.009 | 3.02 (1.31–6.96) |
| Intercept | - 7.421 | 2.856 | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; FNF, femoral neck fracture; ICU, intensive care unit.
χ 2 = 18.625; p < 0.0001; -2LL = 141.441; R 2 Nagelkerke = 0.19; Hosmer Lemeshow test: p = 0.83; Prediction accuracy = 64.5%; *Reference category: transtrochanteric/intertrochanteric fracture with or without ICU admission or femoral neck fracture without ICU admission.
Fig. 2Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the diagnostic capability of the logistic model to discriminate the death outcome in patients ≥70 years-old surgically treated for proximal femoral fracture. AUC, Area under the curve; 95%CI, 95% confidence interval.
Características dos pacientes do estudo
| Variáveis | n | % |
|---|---|---|
| N° de pacientes | 124 | 100,0 |
| Gênero (Mulheres) | 87 | 70,2 |
| Faixa etária (> 85 anos) | 56 | 45,2 |
| Internação hospitalar (> 7 dias) | 54 | 43,5 |
| N° de comorbidades | ||
| 0 | 23 | 18,5 |
| 1 | 40 | 32,3 |
| 2 | 35 | 28,2 |
| 3 | 20 | 16,1 |
| 4 | 6 | 4,8 |
| Topografia | ||
| FIT | 78 | 62,9 |
| FCF | 46 | 37,1 |
| Internação em CTI (sim) | 51 | 41,1 |
| Desfecho (óbito) | 43 | 34,7 |
Abbreviations: CTI, centro de tratamento intensivo; FCF, fratura do colo femoral; FIT, fratura intertrocanteriana.
Razão de chances para o risco de óbito em pacientes de idade igual ou superior a 70 anos submetidos a cirurgia para tratamento de fratura proximal do fêmur
| Variável/categoria | Casos de Óbito |
Valor-
| RC | IC 95% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| % | ||||
|
| |||||
| Masculino | 14 | 37,80 | – | – | – |
| Feminino | 29 | 33,30 | 0,630 | 0,82 | 0,37–1,83 |
|
| |||||
| ≤ 85 anos | 18 | 26,50 | – | – | – |
| > 85 anos | 25 | 44,60 |
0,030
| 2,24 | 1,705–4,76 |
|
| |||||
| ≤ 7 dias | 18 | 25,70 | – | – | – |
| > 7 dias | 25 | 46,30 |
0,020
| 2,49 | 1,17–5,31 |
|
| |||||
| Não | 3 | 13,00 | – | – | – |
| Sim | 40 | 39,60 |
0,020
| 4,37 | 1,22–15,68 |
|
| |||||
| Não | 16 | 21,90 | – | – | – |
| Sim | 27 | 52,90 |
< 0,001
| 4,01 | 1,84–8,75 |
|
| |||||
| FIT | 24 | 30,80 | – | – | – |
| FCF | 19 | 41,30 | 0,230 | 1,58 | 0,74–3,38 |
Abbreviations: CTI, centro de tratamento intensivo; FCF, fratura do colo femoral; FIT, fratura intertrocanteriana; IC, intervalo de confiança; RC, razão de chances.
Diferenças significativas através do teste χ 2 ( p < 0,05). RC, razão de chances.
Fig. 1Comparação de pacientes com fratura intertrocanteriana (FIT) ou fratura do colo femoral (FCF) e seu desfecho em relação à idade *diferença estatisticamente significante, p = 0,027.
Modelo logístico para o cálculo da probabilidade de óbito em pacientes de idade igual ou superior a 70 anos submetidos a cirurgia para tratamento de fratura proximal do fêmur (n = 124)
| Variável | Estimativa do parâmetro | Erro-padrão |
Valor-
| Razão de chances (IC 95%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Idade | 0,068 | 0,033 | 0,039 | 1,07 (1,00–1,14) |
| IH > 7 dias | 0,631 | 0,427 | 0,140 | 1,88 (0,81–4,34) |
| FCF | 0,502 | 0,426 | 0,239 | 1,65 (0,72–3,81) |
| Internação CTI | 1,106 | 0,426 | 0,009 | 3,02 (1,31–6,96) |
| Intercepto | -7,421 | 2,856 | 0,009 | 0,001 |
Abbreviations: CTI, centro de tratamento intensivo; FCF, fratura do colo femoral; IC, intervalo de confiança; IH, internação hospitalar.
χ 2 = 18,625; p < 0,0001; -2LL = 141,441; R 2 Nagelkerke = 0,19; Teste Hosmer Lemeshow: p = 0,83; Acurácia de predição = 64,5%; *Categoria de referência: fratura transtrocanteriana/intertrocanterianas com ou sem internação no CTI ou fratura do colo femoral sem internação no CTI).
Fig. 2Curva característica de operação do receptor (ROC) da capacidade diagnóstica do modelo logístico em discriminar o desfecho de óbito em pacientes de idade igual ou superior a 70 anos submetidos a cirurgia para tratamento de fratura proximal do fêmur.