Vesper H Chisumpa1,2, Clifford O Odimegwu1, Nandita Saikia3,4. 1. Demography and Population Studies Programme, Schools of Public Health and Social Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. 2. Department of Population Studies, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. 3. School of Social Sciences, Centre for the Study of Regional Development, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. 4. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe the age-sex pattern and socio-economic differentials in causes of death among adults between the ages of 15 and 59 years in Zambia. METHODS: Using data from the 2010-2012 Zambia sample vital registration with verbal autopsy survey, we calculated the percentage share of causes of death, the age-/sex cause-specific death ratio and cause-eliminated life expectancy at age 15. RESULTS: HIV/AIDS was the leading cause of death across all socio-economic subgroups contributing 40.7% of total deaths during the study period. This was followed by deaths due to injury and accidents (11.2%). Cause-specific death ratios due to HIV/AIDS increased by age and peaked in the 35-39 age group and were higher among females than males. The second-leading cause of death was injuries and accidents for males and tuberculosis for females. The third-leading cause of death was cardiovascular diseases for females and tuberculosis for males. Cause of death patterns varied notably by socio-economic characteristics. Deaths attributable to non-communicable diseases were more evident in adults aged 45-59 years. Eliminating HIV/AIDS in Zambia as a cause of death could raise life expectancy at age 15 by 5.7 years for males and by 6.4 years for females. CONCLUSION: HIV/AIDS-related health programmes and interventions should be further supported and strengthened, as they would significantly contribute to the reduction in adult mortality in Zambia.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the age-sex pattern and socio-economic differentials in causes of death among adults between the ages of 15 and 59 years in Zambia. METHODS: Using data from the 2010-2012 Zambia sample vital registration with verbal autopsy survey, we calculated the percentage share of causes of death, the age-/sex cause-specific death ratio and cause-eliminated life expectancy at age 15. RESULTS:HIV/AIDS was the leading cause of death across all socio-economic subgroups contributing 40.7% of total deaths during the study period. This was followed by deaths due to injury and accidents (11.2%). Cause-specific death ratios due to HIV/AIDS increased by age and peaked in the 35-39 age group and were higher among females than males. The second-leading cause of death was injuries and accidents for males and tuberculosis for females. The third-leading cause of death was cardiovascular diseases for females and tuberculosis for males. Cause of death patterns varied notably by socio-economic characteristics. Deaths attributable to non-communicable diseases were more evident in adults aged 45-59 years. Eliminating HIV/AIDS in Zambia as a cause of death could raise life expectancy at age 15 by 5.7 years for males and by 6.4 years for females. CONCLUSION:HIV/AIDS-related health programmes and interventions should be further supported and strengthened, as they would significantly contribute to the reduction in adult mortality in Zambia.
Keywords:
HIV/AIDS; VIH/SIDA; Zambia; Zambie; adult mortality; autopsie verbale; cause de décès; cause of death; cause-deleted life table; mortalité d'adultes; table de mortalité en l'absence d'une cause; verbal autopsy
Authors: Wanjiru Waruiru; Violet Oramisi; Alex Sila; Dickens Onyango; Anthony Waruru; Mary N Mwangome; Peter W Young; Sheru Muuo; Lilly M Nyagah; John Ollongo; Catherine Ngugi; George W Rutherford Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2022-09-27 Impact factor: 4.135
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