Lulu Zhang1, Hongbo Zheng2, Rengrong Wu3, Thomas R Kosten4, Xiang-Yang Zhang5, Jingping Zhao6. 1. Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Chinese National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China; Department of Psychiatry, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. 2. GuangzhouBaiyun Psychiatric Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. 3. Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Chinese National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China. 4. Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. 5. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA. 6. Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Chinese National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Changsha, Hunan, China; The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. Electronic address: zhaojingping@csu.edu.cn.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Cognitive deficits of schizophrenia are predictors of poor function, but antipsychotic medication has limited efficacy for cognitive deficits. These deficits in learning and memory may result from activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which microglia produce. The microglia inhibitor minocycline might arrest this cytokine damage to the hippocampus and reverse the cognitive deficits of schizophrenia. METHODS: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study involved 75 patients with schizophrenia who randomly received low dose (100 mg/day) or high dose minocycline (200 mg/day) or placebo added to risperidone. MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) was used to assess the cognitive functioning, and serum levels of Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were assessed. RESULTS: Minocyclinehigh dose group was significantly superior to minocyclinelow dose or placebo group not only for the improvements in cognitive tests' scores as well (P < 0.05), but for IL-1β and IL-6 serum levels reduction (P < 0.01). The amelioration of cognitive deficits with minocycline correlated not only with the remission of negative symptoms, but also with the reduction in serum levels of IL-1β and IL-6. CONCLUSIONS:Minocycline adjunctive treatment was effective in improving cognitive deficits of patients with schizophrenia. The beneficial effect of minocycline may be related to reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines through microglia inhibition.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND:Cognitive deficits of schizophrenia are predictors of poor function, but antipsychotic medication has limited efficacy for cognitive deficits. These deficits in learning and memory may result from activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which microglia produce. The microglia inhibitor minocycline might arrest this cytokine damage to the hippocampus and reverse the cognitive deficits of schizophrenia. METHODS: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study involved 75 patients with schizophrenia who randomly received low dose (100 mg/day) or high dose minocycline (200 mg/day) or placebo added to risperidone. MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) was used to assess the cognitive functioning, and serum levels of Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were assessed. RESULTS: Minocyclinehigh dose group was significantly superior to minocyclinelow dose or placebo group not only for the improvements in cognitive tests' scores as well (P < 0.05), but for IL-1β and IL-6 serum levels reduction (P < 0.01). The amelioration of cognitive deficits with minocycline correlated not only with the remission of negative symptoms, but also with the reduction in serum levels of IL-1β and IL-6. CONCLUSIONS:Minocycline adjunctive treatment was effective in improving cognitive deficits of patients with schizophrenia. The beneficial effect of minocycline may be related to reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines through microglia inhibition.
Authors: M Morrens; C Overloop; V Coppens; E Loots; M Van Den Noortgate; S Vandenameele; M Leboyer; L De Picker Journal: Mol Psychiatry Date: 2022-04-28 Impact factor: 15.992
Authors: Diego Romero-Miguel; Marta Casquero-Veiga; Karina S MacDowell; Sonia Torres-Sanchez; José Antonio Garcia-Partida; Nicolás Lamanna-Rama; Ana Romero-Miranda; Esther Berrocoso; Juan C Leza; Manuel Desco; María Luisa Soto-Montenegro Journal: Int J Neuropsychopharmacol Date: 2021-09-21 Impact factor: 5.176