Vittoria Rufini1,2, Angela Collarino3, Maria Lucia Calcagni4,3, Guido Maria Meduri3, Valentina Fuoco4, Tina Pasciuto5,6, Antonia Carla Testa5, Gabriella Ferrandina5,6, Maria Antonietta Gambacorta7,8, Maura Campitelli8, Benedetta Gui9, Gianfranco Zannoni10,11, Riccardo Manfredi7,9, Giovanni Scambia5,6, Alessandro Giordano4,3. 1. Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. Vittoria.Rufini@unicatt.it. 2. Nuclear Medicine Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. Vittoria.Rufini@unicatt.it. 3. Nuclear Medicine Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. 4. Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. 5. Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. 6. Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. 7. Institute of Radiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. 8. Radiation Oncology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. 9. Radiology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy. 10. Institute of Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. 11. Gynecopathology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: This prospective study aimed to evaluate whether 18F-FDG-PET/CT performed before, during and after neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) could predict histopathological response in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) treated with CRT followed by radical surgery. METHODS: Between October 2010 and June 2014, 88 patients with LACC were enrolled. For each patient, three 18F-FDG-PET/CT scans (baseline, early and final) were acquired and evaluated by qualitative and quantitative analysis. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), SUVmean, metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were measured as absolute values and their percentage variation (delta) (early vs. baseline and final vs. baseline). The role of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in predicting lymph node (LN) residual disease was evaluated by qualitative analysis only. Histopathology was the reference standard. RESULTS: At histopathology, 40 patients had complete response (CR, pR0), 48 had partial response (PR: 21 microscopic [pR1] and 27 macroscopic [pR2]). At baseline, SUVmax and SUVmean were significantly higher in pR0 than in pR1-pR2 patients. At early evaluation, MTV and TLG were significantly higher in pR1-pR2 than in pR0 patients. At final evaluation, SUVmax, SUVmean and TLG were significantly higher in pR1-pR2 than in pR0 patients. Delta SUV parameters and delta TLG were significantly lower in PR group both during and after CRT. Delta MTV was significantly lower in patients with PR in the early phase only. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, baseline SUVmean, early delta TLG, and final delta SUVmax better discriminated PR, providing 83.3%, 67.6% and 85% positive predictive value (PPV) and 60.3%, 90% and 70.8% negative predictive value (NPV), respectively. For LN assessment, high NPV was observed at early and final 18F-FDG-PET/CT (93.5% and 92.3%, respectively). CONCLUSION: In LACC patients treated with CRT followed by surgery, early variations in metabolic parameters effectively discriminate histopathological PR of the primary tumor, suggesting the potential role of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in early personalized treatment. The high NPV of early and final PET/CT could enable "tailored surgery" by avoiding lymphadenectomy in selected patients.
PURPOSE: This prospective study aimed to evaluate whether 18F-FDG-PET/CT performed before, during and after neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) could predict histopathological response in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) treated with CRT followed by radical surgery. METHODS: Between October 2010 and June 2014, 88 patients with LACC were enrolled. For each patient, three 18F-FDG-PET/CT scans (baseline, early and final) were acquired and evaluated by qualitative and quantitative analysis. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), SUVmean, metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were measured as absolute values and their percentage variation (delta) (early vs. baseline and final vs. baseline). The role of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in predicting lymph node (LN) residual disease was evaluated by qualitative analysis only. Histopathology was the reference standard. RESULTS: At histopathology, 40 patients had complete response (CR, pR0), 48 had partial response (PR: 21 microscopic [pR1] and 27 macroscopic [pR2]). At baseline, SUVmax and SUVmean were significantly higher in pR0 than in pR1-pR2patients. At early evaluation, MTV and TLG were significantly higher in pR1-pR2 than in pR0 patients. At final evaluation, SUVmax, SUVmean and TLG were significantly higher in pR1-pR2 than in pR0 patients. Delta SUV parameters and delta TLG were significantly lower in PR group both during and after CRT. Delta MTV was significantly lower in patients with PR in the early phase only. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, baseline SUVmean, early delta TLG, and final delta SUVmax better discriminated PR, providing 83.3%, 67.6% and 85% positive predictive value (PPV) and 60.3%, 90% and 70.8% negative predictive value (NPV), respectively. For LN assessment, high NPV was observed at early and final 18F-FDG-PET/CT (93.5% and 92.3%, respectively). CONCLUSION: In LACC patients treated with CRT followed by surgery, early variations in metabolic parameters effectively discriminate histopathological PR of the primary tumor, suggesting the potential role of 18F-FDG-PET/CT in early personalized treatment. The high NPV of early and final PET/CT could enable "tailored surgery" by avoiding lymphadenectomy in selected patients.
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