Fanghua Zhang1,2, Meng Wang3, Junjie Yang4,5, Qian Xu1, Cheng Liang6, Bin Chen7, Jiaming Zhang8, Ying Yang1, Huiling Wang1, Yongfang Shang1, Ye Wang2,9, Xiaofeng Mu2,9, Dequan Zhu10, Chunling Zhang2, Minxiu Yao11,12, Lei Zhang13. 1. Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. 2. Qingdao Human Microbiome Center, The Affiliated Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. 3. College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. 4. College of Life Science, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China. 5. Shandong Children's Microbiome Center, Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250022, China. 6. School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China. 7. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China. 8. Shandong Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, Shandong Province, China. 9. Clinical Laboratory and Core Research Laboratory, The Affiliated Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. 10. Microbiological Laboratory, Lin Yi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong Province, China. 11. Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. yaominxiu@medmail.com.cn. 12. Qingdao Human Microbiome Center, The Affiliated Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. yaominxiu@medmail.com.cn. 13. Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China. microbiome@foxmail.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Accumulated evidence has indicated that the gut microbiome affected the pharmacology of anti-diabetic agents, and their metabolic products induced by the agents transformed the structure of gastrointestinal microbiota in return. However, the studies around heredity, ethnicity, or living condition, referring to human microbiome were mostly represented by an occidental pattern partial and rare studies that focused on the effect of several first-line hypoglycemic agents on the gut flora in a single medical center. Therefore, we aimed to explore the interaction between gut microbiome and type 2 diabetes (T2D) or hypoglycemics in Chinese population. METHODS: A total of 130 T2D patients with a specific hypoglycemic treatment and 50 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. Gut microbiome compositons were analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene-based sequencing protocol. RESULTS: Hypoglycemic agents contributed to the alteration of specific species in gut bacteria rather than its total diversity. Metformin increased the abundance of Spirochaete, Turicibacter, and Fusobacterium. Insulin also increased Fusobacterium, and α-glucosidase inhibitors (α-GIs) contributed to the plentitude of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. Both metformin and insulin improved taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, and α-GI promoted several amino acid pathways. Although the community of gut microbiota with metformin and insulin showed similarity, significant differences were available in each diabetic group with hypoglycemia. CONCLUSIONS: Gut microbiota is significantly associated with anti-diabetic agents. The gut microbiome and metabolism have shown respective characteristics in different T2D groups, which were also significantly different from the healthy group. This study provides some new insights for identification and exploration of the pathogenesis of T2D.
PURPOSE: Accumulated evidence has indicated that the gut microbiome affected the pharmacology of anti-diabetic agents, and their metabolic products induced by the agents transformed the structure of gastrointestinal microbiota in return. However, the studies around heredity, ethnicity, or living condition, referring to human microbiome were mostly represented by an occidental pattern partial and rare studies that focused on the effect of several first-line hypoglycemic agents on the gut flora in a single medical center. Therefore, we aimed to explore the interaction between gut microbiome and type 2 diabetes (T2D) or hypoglycemics in Chinese population. METHODS: A total of 130 T2D patients with a specific hypoglycemic treatment and 50 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. Gut microbiome compositons were analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene-based sequencing protocol. RESULTS: Hypoglycemic agents contributed to the alteration of specific species in gut bacteria rather than its total diversity. Metformin increased the abundance of Spirochaete, Turicibacter, and Fusobacterium. Insulin also increased Fusobacterium, and α-glucosidase inhibitors (α-GIs) contributed to the plentitude of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. Both metformin and insulin improved taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, and α-GI promoted several amino acid pathways. Although the community of gut microbiota with metformin and insulin showed similarity, significant differences were available in each diabetic group with hypoglycemia. CONCLUSIONS: Gut microbiota is significantly associated with anti-diabetic agents. The gut microbiome and metabolism have shown respective characteristics in different T2D groups, which were also significantly different from the healthy group. This study provides some new insights for identification and exploration of the pathogenesis of T2D.
Entities:
Keywords:
Insulin; Metformin; Microbiota; Type 2 diabetes; α-Glucosidase inhibitors.
Authors: Yu-Hang Zhang; Wei Guo; Tao Zeng; ShiQi Zhang; Lei Chen; Margarita Gamarra; Romany F Mansour; José Escorcia-Gutierrez; Tao Huang; Yu-Dong Cai Journal: Front Microbiol Date: 2021-07-09 Impact factor: 5.640