Kate I Stevens1, Maria J Soler2, Annette Bruchfeld3, Francesca Mallamaci4. 1. Glasgow Renal and Transplant Unit, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK. 2. Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Nephrology Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain. 3. Department of Renal Medicine, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. 4. CNR-IFC Clinical Epidemiology of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Reggio Calabria, Italy.