Harpreet Singh1, Atul Saroch1, Ashok Kumar Pannu2, H J Sachin1, Navneet Sharma1, Pinaki Dutta3. 1. Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. 2. Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. Electronic address: gawaribacchi@gmail.com. 3. Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We aimed to retrospectively investigate the clinical and biochemical profile of Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) patients and various precipitating and prognostic factors. METHODS: This was a hospital-based retrospective observational study, conducted in a tertiary care hospital in north India, from March 2014 to March 2017. RESULTS: Among 50 patients who satisfied the study criteria, 10 (20%) had DKA as their first presentation. Most common symptoms were nausea and vomiting (74%). Noncompliance was the major precipitating cause in 26 cases (52%) followed by infections in 18 cases (36%). The mean value of blood sugar at presentation was 406.8 ± 130.4 mg/dl with serum ketone 5.38 ± 1.56 mmol/l and mean pH 7.128 ± 0.157 with severe DKA in 14 (28%) patients. Mean duration of hospital stay was 8.2.±5.0 days, and low hemoglobin (p = 0.019) and high pulse rate (p = 0.025) were independent predictors of a longer stay. CONCLUSION: With intensive care, mortality did not occur; however, non-compliance remained the most common precipitating cause of DKA followed by infections.
BACKGROUND: We aimed to retrospectively investigate the clinical and biochemical profile of Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) patients and various precipitating and prognostic factors. METHODS: This was a hospital-based retrospective observational study, conducted in a tertiary care hospital in north India, from March 2014 to March 2017. RESULTS: Among 50 patients who satisfied the study criteria, 10 (20%) had DKA as their first presentation. Most common symptoms were nausea and vomiting (74%). Noncompliance was the major precipitating cause in 26 cases (52%) followed by infections in 18 cases (36%). The mean value of blood sugar at presentation was 406.8 ± 130.4 mg/dl with serum ketone 5.38 ± 1.56 mmol/l and mean pH 7.128 ± 0.157 with severe DKA in 14 (28%) patients. Mean duration of hospital stay was 8.2.±5.0 days, and low hemoglobin (p = 0.019) and high pulse rate (p = 0.025) were independent predictors of a longer stay. CONCLUSION: With intensive care, mortality did not occur; however, non-compliance remained the most common precipitating cause of DKA followed by infections.