Xin-Ying Tang1, Wen-Bin Zou1, Fei-Fei Yu2, Lei Wang3, Nan Ru1, Jia-Hui Zhu1, Zhao-Shen Li4, Zhuan Liao5. 1. Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy Center, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China. 2. Medical Service Research Division, The Naval Medical Research Institute, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. 3. Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy Center, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. 4. Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy Center, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: zhaoshenli@hotmail.com. 5. Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy Center, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: zhuanliao@hotmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The SPINK1 c.194 + 2T > C variant has been increasingly recognized as an important risk factor for chronic pancreatitis (CP). However, there is no clear agreement on its contribution to different ethnicities and CP etiologies. To address this issue, a meta-analysis of literature was performed. METHODS: Studies addressing the presence of the SPINK1 c.194 + 2T > C variant in CP patients and controls were retrieved from the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases. Initial analysis included all CP patients, followed by subgroup analyses for East Asian and non-East Asian patients, and for idiopathic CP (ICP) and non-ICP. RESULTS: A total of 13 studies were retrieved for analysis, comprising 2097 cases and 4019 controls. There were 126 cases (10.01%) carrying the SPINK1 c.194 + 2T > C variant in cases, while only two controls were carriers (0.05%). Overall, the variant was significantly associated with an increased risk of CP (OR = 25.73). In the subgroup, the variant was significantly associated with increased risk of CP in East Asians (OR = 73.16), and in non-East Asians (OR = 10.21). Further, the contribution of the variant in ICP (OR = 35.31) was found to be higher than in non-ICP (25.75). CONCLUSIONS: The SPINK1 c.194 + 2T > C variant is a strong risk factor for CP, especially in East Asian patients with ICP.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The SPINK1 c.194 + 2T > C variant has been increasingly recognized as an important risk factor for chronic pancreatitis (CP). However, there is no clear agreement on its contribution to different ethnicities and CP etiologies. To address this issue, a meta-analysis of literature was performed. METHODS: Studies addressing the presence of the SPINK1 c.194 + 2T > C variant in CP patients and controls were retrieved from the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases. Initial analysis included all CP patients, followed by subgroup analyses for East Asian and non-East Asian patients, and for idiopathic CP (ICP) and non-ICP. RESULTS: A total of 13 studies were retrieved for analysis, comprising 2097 cases and 4019 controls. There were 126 cases (10.01%) carrying the SPINK1 c.194 + 2T > C variant in cases, while only two controls were carriers (0.05%). Overall, the variant was significantly associated with an increased risk of CP (OR = 25.73). In the subgroup, the variant was significantly associated with increased risk of CP in East Asians (OR = 73.16), and in non-East Asians (OR = 10.21). Further, the contribution of the variant in ICP (OR = 35.31) was found to be higher than in non-ICP (25.75). CONCLUSIONS: The SPINK1 c.194 + 2T > C variant is a strong risk factor for CP, especially in East Asian patients with ICP.