Tohru Okanishi1, Ayataka Fujimoto2, Kazuo Okanari3, Shimpei Baba4, Naoki Ichikawa2, Mitsuyo Nishimura5, Hideo Enoki4. 1. Department of Child Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu 430-8558, Japan. Electronic address: t.okanishi@sis.seirei.or.jp. 2. Epilepsy and Surgery, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu 430-8558, Japan. 3. Department of Pediatrics, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu 879-5503, Japan. 4. Department of Child Neurology, Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu 430-8558, Japan. 5. Division of Clinical Laboratory, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu 430-8558, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Corpus callosotomy (CC) has recently been adopted for the treatment of drug-resistant epileptic spasms and tonic spasms. In the present study, we investigated CC outcomes among patients with drug-resistant epileptic spasms or tonic spasms associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). METHODS: We retrospectively collected data from seven patients (3 women, 4 men) with diagnosed TSC and who were treated using CC at Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital in Japan. All patients had experienced drug-resistant epileptic spasms (<3 s of muscular contraction) or tonic spasms (>3 s) prior to CC, which were confirmed via video-electroencephalogram monitoring. RESULTS: All patients exhibited multiple bilateral cortical tubers on brain magnetic resonance imaging. The main seizure types were epileptic spasms in four, tonic spasms in one, and both seizure types in two patients. Patients underwent total CC between the ages of 25 months and 21.5 years. Additional resection or disconnection was performed in two patients. The follow-up period after CC ranged between 9 months and 3.5 years. Three patients achieved remission from spasms following CC alone. Two other patients became free from spasms several months after CC but required an additional focus disconnection or medical treatment. The remaining two patients continued to show spasms or asymmetrical tonic seizures. CONCLUSION: Total CC resulted in freedom from drug-resistant epileptic or tonic spasms in several patients with TSC. Stepwise progression from CC to additional resection or disconnection surgery may aid in the treatment of spasms secondary to TSC.
BACKGROUND: Corpus callosotomy (CC) has recently been adopted for the treatment of drug-resistant epileptic spasms and tonic spasms. In the present study, we investigated CC outcomes among patients with drug-resistant epileptic spasms or tonic spasms associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). METHODS: We retrospectively collected data from seven patients (3 women, 4 men) with diagnosed TSC and who were treated using CC at Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital in Japan. All patients had experienced drug-resistant epileptic spasms (<3 s of muscular contraction) or tonic spasms (>3 s) prior to CC, which were confirmed via video-electroencephalogram monitoring. RESULTS: All patients exhibited multiple bilateral cortical tubers on brain magnetic resonance imaging. The main seizure types were epileptic spasms in four, tonic spasms in one, and both seizure types in two patients. Patients underwent total CC between the ages of 25 months and 21.5 years. Additional resection or disconnection was performed in two patients. The follow-up period after CC ranged between 9 months and 3.5 years. Three patients achieved remission from spasms following CC alone. Two other patients became free from spasms several months after CC but required an additional focus disconnection or medical treatment. The remaining two patients continued to show spasms or asymmetrical tonic seizures. CONCLUSION: Total CC resulted in freedom from drug-resistant epileptic or tonic spasms in several patients with TSC. Stepwise progression from CC to additional resection or disconnection surgery may aid in the treatment of spasms secondary to TSC.