Mona Gerentes1,2, Antoine Pelissolo1,2,3, Krishnamoorthy Rajagopal1, Ryad Tamouza1,2, Nora Hamdani4,5. 1. Inserm U955, Team 15, Genetic Psychiatry, 94000, Creteil, France. 2. AP-HP, DHU Pe-PSY, Henri Mondor - Albert Chenevier, group, Psychiatry, 94000, Creteil, France. 3. Faculté de médecine, UPEC, Université Paris-Est, 94000, Créteil, France. 4. Inserm U955, Team 15, Genetic Psychiatry, 94000, Creteil, France. nora.hamdani@aphp.fr. 5. AP-HP, DHU Pe-PSY, Henri Mondor - Albert Chenevier, group, Psychiatry, 94000, Creteil, France. nora.hamdani@aphp.fr.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Here, we propose to review the immuno-inflammatory hypothesis in OCD given the concurrent incidence of autoimmune comorbidities, infectious stigma, and raised levels of inflammatory markers in a significant subset of patients. A better understanding of the immune dysfunction in OCD may allow stratifying the patients in order to design personalized pharmaco/psychotherapeutic strategies. RECENT FINDINGS: A persistent low-grade inflammation involving both innate and adaptive immune system with coexisting autoimmune morbidities and stigma of infectious events has been prominently observed in OCD. Hence, specific treatments targeting inflammation/infection are a feasible alternative in OCD. This review highlights that OCD is associated with low-grade inflammation, neural antibodies, and neuro-inflammatory and auto-immune disorders. In some subset of OCD patients, autoimmunity is likely triggered by specific bacterial, viral, or parasitic agents with overlapping surface epitopes in CNS. Hence, subset-profiling in OCD is warranted to benefit from distinct immune-targeted treatment modalities.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Here, we propose to review the immuno-inflammatory hypothesis in OCD given the concurrent incidence of autoimmune comorbidities, infectious stigma, and raised levels of inflammatory markers in a significant subset of patients. A better understanding of the immune dysfunction in OCD may allow stratifying the patients in order to design personalized pharmaco/psychotherapeutic strategies. RECENT FINDINGS: A persistent low-grade inflammation involving both innate and adaptive immune system with coexisting autoimmune morbidities and stigma of infectious events has been prominently observed in OCD. Hence, specific treatments targeting inflammation/infection are a feasible alternative in OCD. This review highlights that OCD is associated with low-grade inflammation, neural antibodies, and neuro-inflammatory and auto-immune disorders. In some subset of OCDpatients, autoimmunity is likely triggered by specific bacterial, viral, or parasitic agents with overlapping surface epitopes in CNS. Hence, subset-profiling in OCD is warranted to benefit from distinct immune-targeted treatment modalities.
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