Continuation of schizophrenia treatment with three long-acting injectable antipsychotics in South Korea: A nationwide population-based study.

Long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics have been developed to prevent symptom relapse in patients with schizophrenia; relapse has a detrimental clinical impact and high social burden. However, data on treatment continuation rates of LAI antipsychotics are inconsistent, primarily because of study design; limited data exist for patients taking oral psychotropic medications taken along with LAI antipsychotics, and factors related to LAI antipsychotics treatment discontinuation. Patients with schizophrenia in the South Korea Health Insurance Review Agency database from 2007 to 2016 who had received LAI haloperidol, LAI paliperidone, or LAI risperidone were included. Treatment continuation rates and proportions of patients using concurrent oral psychotropic medications were calculated. Cox proportional hazard ratios were used for analysis related to discontinuation. There was a significant difference in treatment continuation rates at 6 months after initiation (36.8% LAI haloperidol, 57.5% LAI paliperidone, and 34.5% LAI risperidone). A substantial proportion of patients in all three groups were prescribed oral antipsychotics during LAI antipsychotics treatment. In the LAI paliperidone group, type of hospital was significantly associated with a higher risk of treatment discontinuation, with a hazard ratio of 1.195-1.598. Early discontinuation of LAI antipsychotic treatment occurs in a large number of patients with schizophrenia. Intervention strategies for improving the LAI antipsychotics treatment adherence are needed.