Liza Toemen1,2, Romy Gaillard1,2, Arno A Roest3, Rob J van der Geest4, Eric Ap Steegers5, Aad van der Lugt6, Willem A Helbing2, Vincent Wv Jaddoe1,2. 1. The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, The Netherlands. 2. Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, The Netherlands. 3. Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands. 4. Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands. 5. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus University Medical Center, The Netherlands. 6. Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Early life is critical for cardiac development. We examined the associations of longitudinal fetal and childhood growth patterns with childhood right and left ventricular structures measured by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS: In a population-based prospective cohort study among 2827 children, we measured growth at 20 and 30 weeks of pregnancy, at birth, 0.5, 1, 2, 6 and 10 years. At 10 years, we measured right ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular mass and left ventricular mass-to-volume ratio by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: Small size for gestational age at birth was associated with smaller right and left ventricular end-diastolic volume relative to current body surface area, but with larger left ventricular mass-to-volume ratio (P < 0.05). Children in the upper 25% of right and left ventricular end-diastolic volume and left ventricular mass at age 10 years were larger at birth and became taller and leaner in childhood (P < 0.05). In contrast, children in the lower 25% of right and left ventricular end-diastolic volume and left ventricular mass were smaller at birth and became shorter and heavier in childhood (P < 0.05). Both fetal and childhood growth were independently of each other associated with childhood right and left ventricular end-diastolic volume and left ventricular mass. CONCLUSION: Children who are larger at birth and grow taller and leaner in childhood have larger hearts relative to body surface area. Small size at birth children, who grow shorter and heavier in childhood, have relatively smaller hearts with larger left ventricular mass-to-volume ratio. Both fetal and childhood growth are important for the development of cardiac dimensions.
OBJECTIVES: Early life is critical for cardiac development. We examined the associations of longitudinal fetal and childhood growth patterns with childhood right and left ventricular structures measured by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS: In a population-based prospective cohort study among 2827 children, we measured growth at 20 and 30 weeks of pregnancy, at birth, 0.5, 1, 2, 6 and 10 years. At 10 years, we measured right ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular mass and left ventricular mass-to-volume ratio by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS: Small size for gestational age at birth was associated with smaller right and left ventricular end-diastolic volume relative to current body surface area, but with larger left ventricular mass-to-volume ratio (P < 0.05). Children in the upper 25% of right and left ventricular end-diastolic volume and left ventricular mass at age 10 years were larger at birth and became taller and leaner in childhood (P < 0.05). In contrast, children in the lower 25% of right and left ventricular end-diastolic volume and left ventricular mass were smaller at birth and became shorter and heavier in childhood (P < 0.05). Both fetal and childhood growth were independently of each other associated with childhood right and left ventricular end-diastolic volume and left ventricular mass. CONCLUSION:Children who are larger at birth and grow taller and leaner in childhood have larger hearts relative to body surface area. Small size at birth children, who grow shorter and heavier in childhood, have relatively smaller hearts with larger left ventricular mass-to-volume ratio. Both fetal and childhood growth are important for the development of cardiac dimensions.
Entities:
Keywords:
Epidemiology; cardiac structure; growth; left ventricular mass; paediatric
Authors: Liza Toemen; Susana Santos; Arno A Roest; Gavro Jelic; Aad van der Lugt; Janine F Felix; Willem A Helbing; Romy Gaillard; Vincent W V Jaddoe Journal: J Am Heart Assoc Date: 2020-06-20 Impact factor: 5.501
Authors: Liza Toemen; Susana Santos; Arno A W Roest; Meike W Vernooij; Willem A Helbing; Romy Gaillard; Vincent W V Jaddoe Journal: Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging Date: 2021-02-22 Impact factor: 6.875