Courtney P Keeton1, Nicole E Caporino2, Philip C Kendall3, Satish Iyengar4, Phyllis Lee5, Tara Peris6, Dara Sakolsky7, John Piacentini6, Scott N Compton8,9, Anne Marie Albano10, Boris Birmaher7, Golda S Ginsburg11. 1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. 2. Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, DC. 3. Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 4. Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. 5. Department of Psychological Science, Eastern Connecticut State University, Willimantic, Connecticut. 6. Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, California. 7. Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. 8. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina. 9. Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. 10. Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York. 11. Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, West Hartford, Connecticut.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Youth anxiety interventions have potential to reduce risk for depression and suicidality. METHODS: This naturalistic follow-up of the multi-site, comparative treatment trial, inking and behavior, and depressive symptoms 3-11 years (mean 6.25 years) following 12-week evidence-based youth anxiety treatment. Participants (N = 319; 10-26 years, mean 17 years) completed semiannual questionnaires and annual diagnostic interviews for 4 years. RESULTS: One-fifth (20.4%) of the sample met DSM-IV criteria for a mood disorder, 32.1% endorsed suicidal ideation, and 8.2% reported suicidal behavior. Latent class growth analysis yielded two linear trajectories of depressive symptoms, and 85% of the sample demonstrated a persistent low-symptom course over seven assessments. Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS) 12-week treatment outcome (positive response, remission) and treatment condition (cognitive behavior therapy [CBT], medication, CBT + medication, pill placebo) were not associated with subsequent mood disorder or suicidal thinking. CAMS remission predicted absence of suicidal behavior, and treatment response and remission predicted low depressive symptom trajectory. Greater baseline self-reported depressive symptoms predicted all long-term mood outcomes, and more negative life events predicted subsequent mood disorder, depressive symptom trajectory, and suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS: Effective early treatment of youth anxiety, including CBT, medication, or CBT + medication, reduces risk for subsequent chronic depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior. Attention to (sub)clinical depressive symptoms and management of negative life events may reduce odds of developing a mood disorder, chronic depressive symptoms, and suicidality. Findings contribute to evidence that early intervention for a primary disorder can serve as secondary prevention.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Youth anxiety interventions have potential to reduce risk for depression and suicidality. METHODS: This naturalistic follow-up of the multi-site, comparative treatment trial, inking and behavior, and depressive symptoms 3-11 years (mean 6.25 years) following 12-week evidence-based youth anxiety treatment. Participants (N = 319; 10-26 years, mean 17 years) completed semiannual questionnaires and annual diagnostic interviews for 4 years. RESULTS: One-fifth (20.4%) of the sample met DSM-IV criteria for a mood disorder, 32.1% endorsed suicidal ideation, and 8.2% reported suicidal behavior. Latent class growth analysis yielded two linear trajectories of depressive symptoms, and 85% of the sample demonstrated a persistent low-symptom course over seven assessments. Child/Adolescent Anxiety Multimodal Study (CAMS) 12-week treatment outcome (positive response, remission) and treatment condition (cognitive behavior therapy [CBT], medication, CBT + medication, pill placebo) were not associated with subsequent mood disorder or suicidal thinking. CAMS remission predicted absence of suicidal behavior, and treatment response and remission predicted low depressive symptom trajectory. Greater baseline self-reported depressive symptoms predicted all long-term mood outcomes, and more negative life events predicted subsequent mood disorder, depressive symptom trajectory, and suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS: Effective early treatment of youth anxiety, including CBT, medication, or CBT + medication, reduces risk for subsequent chronic depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior. Attention to (sub)clinical depressive symptoms and management of negative life events may reduce odds of developing a mood disorder, chronic depressive symptoms, and suicidality. Findings contribute to evidence that early intervention for a primary disorder can serve as secondary prevention.
Authors: Matti Cervin; Lesley A Norris; Golda Ginsburg; Elizabeth A Gosch; Scott N Compton; John Piacentini; Anne Marie Albano; Dara Sakolsky; Boris Birmaher; Courtney Keeton; Eric A Storch; Philip C Kendall Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Date: 2020-09-17 Impact factor: 8.829