Katrin Heck1, Helena Paterno2, Alexander Lederer3, Friederike Litzenburger3, Reinhard Hickel3, Karl-Heinz Kunzelmann3. 1. Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Goethestr. 70, 80336 Munich, Germany. Electronic address: kheck@dent.med.uni-muenchen.de. 2. Brunnenstrasse 22, 53347 Alfter, Germany. 3. Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Goethestr. 70, 80336 Munich, Germany.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The fracture resistance of different ultrathin occlusal computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) veneers was investigated under cyclic mechanical loading to restore combined enamel-dentin defects. METHODS: Eighty-four molars were reduced occlusally until extensive dentin exposure occurred with a remaining enamel ring. Twenty-four molars were ground flat for examination of highly standardized specimens, of which 8 were treated with uniformly flat 0.3mm IPS Empress CAD and 0.3 and 0.5mm IPS e.max CAD restorations. Sixty-four molars were anatomically prepared until dentin exposure and were restored using occlusal veneers with fissure/cusp thicknesses of 0.3/0.5mm from 3 different dental CAD/CAM materials: IPS Empress CAD, IPS e.max CAD and Lava Ultimate CAD/CAM. Teeth were etched with 37% phosphoric acid, and occlusal veneers were bonded using an adhesive luting system (Syntac Primer, Adhesive, Heliobond and Variolink II). Specimens were placed under cyclic mechanical loading in a chewing simulator (1 million cycles at 50N) and were examined for cracks after each cyclic loading sequence. The anatomical 0.3/0.5mm IPS e.max CAD specimens experienced an additional 1 million cycles at 100N. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests were used for data analysis. RESULTS: All highly standardized and 0.3/0.5mm IPS e.max CAD specimens tolerated cyclic loading. One anatomical Lava Ultimate CAD/CAM and 10 IPS Empress CAD specimens showed cracks. SIGNIFICANCE: Ultrathin occlusal veneers of lithium disilicate ceramic and nanoceramic composite showed remarkably high fracture strength under cyclic mechanical loading. These veneers might be a tooth substance preserving option for restoring combined dentin-enamel defects.
OBJECTIVE: The fracture resistance of different ultrathin occlusal computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) veneers was investigated under cyclic mechanical loading to restore combined enamel-dentin defects. METHODS: Eighty-four molars were reduced occlusally until extensive dentin exposure occurred with a remaining enamel ring. Twenty-four molars were ground flat for examination of highly standardized specimens, of which 8 were treated with uniformly flat 0.3mm IPS Empress CAD and 0.3 and 0.5mm IPS e.max CAD restorations. Sixty-four molars were anatomically prepared until dentin exposure and were restored using occlusal veneers with fissure/cusp thicknesses of 0.3/0.5mm from 3 different dental CAD/CAM materials: IPS Empress CAD, IPS e.max CAD and Lava Ultimate CAD/CAM. Teeth were etched with 37% phosphoric acid, and occlusal veneers were bonded using an adhesive luting system (Syntac Primer, Adhesive, Heliobond and Variolink II). Specimens were placed under cyclic mechanical loading in a chewing simulator (1 million cycles at 50N) and were examined for cracks after each cyclic loading sequence. The anatomical 0.3/0.5mm IPS e.max CAD specimens experienced an additional 1 million cycles at 100N. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests were used for data analysis. RESULTS: All highly standardized and 0.3/0.5mm IPS e.max CAD specimens tolerated cyclic loading. One anatomical Lava Ultimate CAD/CAM and 10 IPS Empress CAD specimens showed cracks. SIGNIFICANCE: Ultrathin occlusal veneers of lithium disilicate ceramic and nanoceramic composite showed remarkably high fracture strength under cyclic mechanical loading. These veneers might be a tooth substance preserving option for restoring combined dentin-enamel defects.
Authors: Damian S Nakonieczny; Magdalena Antonowicz; Thomas Heim; Andrzej S Swinarew; Paweł Nuckowski; Krzysztof Matus; Marcin Lemanowicz Journal: Polymers (Basel) Date: 2022-06-09 Impact factor: 4.967