Effects of exercise on the incidence of decompression sickness: a review of pertinent literature and current concepts.

The effects of exercise on the incidence of decompression sickness (DCS) are not completely understood. This paper reviews studies that have addressed this question. Studies have involved exposures of animals and human subjects to high pressures, which would occur in SCUBA diving operations, and to low pressures, which exist during high-altitude aircraft flights and extravehicular activities during space flight. The temporal course of the exercise in relation to the decompression procedure and the nature of the exercise may influence effects on DCS incidence. Effects of exercise on the uptake and elimination of nitrogen, the production of bubbles due to limb movements, the potential role of carbon dioxide, and current plans for further research are discussed.