Noam Yarom1,2, Charles L Shapiro3, Douglas E Peterson4, Catherine H Van Poznak5, Kari Bohlke6, Salvatore L Ruggiero7,8,9, Cesar A Migliorati10, Aliya Khan11, Archie Morrison12,13, Holly Anderson14, Barbara A Murphy15, Devena Alston-Johnson16, Rui Amaral Mendes17, Beth Michelle Beadle18, Siri Beier Jensen19, Deborah P Saunders20. 1. Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel. 2. Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. 3. Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, NY. 4. UConn Health: Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, Farmington, CT. 5. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. 6. American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA. 7. Hofstra North Shore-LIJ School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY. 8. Stony Brook School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook, NY. 9. New York Center for Orthognathic and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York, NY. 10. University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL. 11. McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. 12. Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. 13. Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. 14. Breast Cancer Coalition of Rochester, Rochester, NY. 15. Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN. 16. University of North Carolina Cancer Care at Nash, Rocky Mount, NC. 17. Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH. 18. Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA. 19. Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. 20. Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To provide guidance regarding best practices in the prevention and management of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in patients with cancer. METHODS: Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer/International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) and ASCO convened a multidisciplinary Expert Panel to evaluate the evidence and formulate recommendations. Guideline development involved a systematic review of the literature and a formal consensus process. PubMed and EMBASE were searched for studies of the prevention and management of MRONJ related to bone-modifying agents (BMAs) for oncologic indications published between January 2009 and December 2017. Results from an earlier systematic review (2003 to 2008) were also included. RESULTS: The systematic review identified 132 publications, only 10 of which were randomized controlled trials. Recommendations underwent two rounds of consensus voting. RECOMMENDATIONS: Currently, MRONJ is defined by (1) current or previous treatment with a BMA or angiogenic inhibitor, (2) exposed bone or bone that can be probed through an intraoral or extraoral fistula in the maxillofacial region and that has persisted for longer than 8 weeks, and (3) no history of radiation therapy to the jaws or metastatic disease to the jaws. In patients who initiate a BMA, preventive care includes comprehensive dental assessments, discussion of modifiable risk factors, and avoidance of elective dentoalveolar surgery (ie, surgery that involves the teeth or contiguous alveolar bone) during BMA treatment. It remains uncertain whether BMAs should be discontinued before dentoalveolar surgery. Staging of MRONJ should be performed by a clinician with experience in the management of MRONJ. Conservative measures comprise the initial approach to MRONJ treatment. Ongoing collaboration among the dentist, dental specialist, and oncologist is essential to optimal patient care.
PURPOSE: To provide guidance regarding best practices in the prevention and management of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in patients with cancer. METHODS: Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer/International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) and ASCO convened a multidisciplinary Expert Panel to evaluate the evidence and formulate recommendations. Guideline development involved a systematic review of the literature and a formal consensus process. PubMed and EMBASE were searched for studies of the prevention and management of MRONJ related to bone-modifying agents (BMAs) for oncologic indications published between January 2009 and December 2017. Results from an earlier systematic review (2003 to 2008) were also included. RESULTS: The systematic review identified 132 publications, only 10 of which were randomized controlled trials. Recommendations underwent two rounds of consensus voting. RECOMMENDATIONS: Currently, MRONJ is defined by (1) current or previous treatment with a BMA or angiogenic inhibitor, (2) exposed bone or bone that can be probed through an intraoral or extraoral fistula in the maxillofacial region and that has persisted for longer than 8 weeks, and (3) no history of radiation therapy to the jaws or metastatic disease to the jaws. In patients who initiate a BMA, preventive care includes comprehensive dental assessments, discussion of modifiable risk factors, and avoidance of elective dentoalveolar surgery (ie, surgery that involves the teeth or contiguous alveolar bone) during BMA treatment. It remains uncertain whether BMAs should be discontinued before dentoalveolar surgery. Staging of MRONJ should be performed by a clinician with experience in the management of MRONJ. Conservative measures comprise the initial approach to MRONJ treatment. Ongoing collaboration among the dentist, dental specialist, and oncologist is essential to optimal patient care.
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