Sheng Yuan1, Jiaxin Wang2, Qingqing Jiang3, Ziyu He2, Yuchai Huang3, Zhengyang Li2, Luyao Cai2, Shiyi Cao4. 1. Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China; FuWai Hospital & Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Vascular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. 2. Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China. 3. School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. 4. School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China. Electronic address: caoshiyi@hust.edu.cn.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Stroke is one of the world's leading causes of death. Many studies have checked the relationship between short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) and stroke, but few have focused on the effect of long-term exposure to PM2.5 (particulate matters with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 μm). This study aimed to quantitatively examine the relationship of long-term exposure to PM2.5 with stroke incidence and mortality. METHODS: We identified relevant studies by searching the PubMed, EMBASE and MEDLINE. After the systematical review of pertinent studies, random-effect meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and stroke. RESULTS: Our meta-analysis included 16 cohort studies with more than 2.2 million people and above 49 149 endpoint events (incident stroke and death from stroke). The pooled hazard ratio (HR) for each 5 μg/m3 increment in PM2.5 was 1.11 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.17) (CI for confidence interval) for incidence of stroke and 1.11 (95% CI:1.05, 1.17) for mortality of stroke. In the region-specific analysis, significant association between PM2.5 and incidence of stroke was found in North America (HR=1.09, 95% CI:1.05, 1.14) and Europe (HR=1.07, 95% CI:1.05, 1.10), while the pooled result of Asia showed no significance (HR=2.31, 95% CI:0.49, 10.95). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to PM2.5 is an important risk factor for stroke. Since air quality is intimately related to everyone, policies aimed at reducing particulate matters will benefit public health a lot.
BACKGROUND:Stroke is one of the world's leading causes of death. Many studies have checked the relationship between short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) and stroke, but few have focused on the effect of long-term exposure to PM2.5 (particulate matters with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 μm). This study aimed to quantitatively examine the relationship of long-term exposure to PM2.5 with stroke incidence and mortality. METHODS: We identified relevant studies by searching the PubMed, EMBASE and MEDLINE. After the systematical review of pertinent studies, random-effect meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and stroke. RESULTS: Our meta-analysis included 16 cohort studies with more than 2.2 million people and above 49 149 endpoint events (incident stroke and death from stroke). The pooled hazard ratio (HR) for each 5 μg/m3 increment in PM2.5 was 1.11 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.17) (CI for confidence interval) for incidence of stroke and 1.11 (95% CI:1.05, 1.17) for mortality of stroke. In the region-specific analysis, significant association between PM2.5 and incidence of stroke was found in North America (HR=1.09, 95% CI:1.05, 1.14) and Europe (HR=1.07, 95% CI:1.05, 1.10), while the pooled result of Asia showed no significance (HR=2.31, 95% CI:0.49, 10.95). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to PM2.5 is an important risk factor for stroke. Since air quality is intimately related to everyone, policies aimed at reducing particulate matters will benefit public health a lot.
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