Farhad Vahid1, Azita Hekmatdoost2, Sousan Mirmajidi3, Saeid Doaei4, Diyako Rahmani5, Zeinab Faghfoori6. 1. Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran. 2. Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 3. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. 4. Research Center of Health and Environment, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. 5. Department of Communication, Journalism, and Marketing, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. 6. Food Safety Research Center (SALT), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Department of Nutrition, School of nutrition and food sciences, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran. Electronic address: zfaghfoori@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have revealed that diet has been considered as an important pathogenic factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) is a method of quantitative and qualitative evaluation of single foods and diets, which has special significance in recognizing clinical nutritional problems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 295 patients with NAFLD and 704 controls. The dietary intake was assessed through a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire. INQ was calculated from the questionnaire data and was compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS: The controls had higher INQ of vitamin D, vitamin E, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B12; biotin, pantothenic acid, magnesium and zinc compared to the patients with NAFLD. After controlling for several covariates, positive associations were observed between NAFLD risk and INQs of riboflavin (ORriboflavin = 0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.28-0.78; ORbiotin = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.18-0.76; ORpantothenic = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.12-0.64; ORmagnesium = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.11-0.75; ORzinc = 0.15 95% CI: 0.05-0.42). CONCLUSIONS: Findings of the present study suggest that subjects who follow a more healthy and nutrient-rich diet, especially in terms of vitamins D, B1, B2, B12, B3 and zinc, are at a lower risk of NAFLD compared to those who consume unhealthy and nutrient-poor diet.
BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have revealed that diet has been considered as an important pathogenic factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) is a method of quantitative and qualitative evaluation of single foods and diets, which has special significance in recognizing clinical nutritional problems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 295 patients with NAFLD and 704 controls. The dietary intake was assessed through a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire. INQ was calculated from the questionnaire data and was compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS: The controls had higher INQ of vitamin D, vitamin E, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B12; biotin, pantothenic acid, magnesium and zinc compared to the patients with NAFLD. After controlling for several covariates, positive associations were observed between NAFLD risk and INQs of riboflavin (ORriboflavin = 0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.28-0.78; ORbiotin = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.18-0.76; ORpantothenic = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.12-0.64; ORmagnesium = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.11-0.75; ORzinc = 0.15 95% CI: 0.05-0.42). CONCLUSIONS: Findings of the present study suggest that subjects who follow a more healthy and nutrient-rich diet, especially in terms of vitamins D, B1, B2, B12, B3 and zinc, are at a lower risk of NAFLD compared to those who consume unhealthy and nutrient-poor diet.
Authors: Teresa Gisinger; Michael Leutner; Evelyne Wohlschläger-Krenn; Robert Winker; Sonja Nistler; Georg Endler; Alexandra Kautzky-Willer Journal: Int J Endocrinol Date: 2021-10-05 Impact factor: 3.257