Beatriz Arakawa Martins1, Renuka Visvanathan2, Helen Barrie3, Chi Hsien Huang4, Eiji Matsushita5, Kiwako Okada5, Shosuke Satake6, Chiharu Uno7, Masafumi Kuzuya8. 1. Adelaide Geriatrics Training and Research with Aged Care (G-TRAC Centre), Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, 61 Silkes Rd., Paradise, South Australia, 5075, Australia; National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence Frailty and Healthy Ageing, University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia; Department of Community Health and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa Ward, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Prefecture, 466-8560, Japan. Electronic address: arakawa.martins.beatriz@i.mbox.nagoya-u.ac.jp. 2. Adelaide Geriatrics Training and Research with Aged Care (G-TRAC Centre), Discipline of Medicine, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, 61 Silkes Rd., Paradise, South Australia, 5075, Australia; National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence Frailty and Healthy Ageing, University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia. 3. National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence Frailty and Healthy Ageing, University of Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia. 4. Department of Community Health and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa Ward, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Prefecture, 466-8560, Japan. 5. Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Iwasaki-cho, Takenoyama-57, Nisshin, Aichi Prefecture, 470-0196, Japan. 6. Section of Frailty Prevention, Department of Frailty Research, National Center of Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Aichi Prefecture, 474-8511, Japan. 7. Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Iwasaki-cho, Takenoyama-57, Nisshin, Aichi Prefecture, 470-0196, Japan; Department of Community Health and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa Ward, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Prefecture, 466-8560, Japan. 8. Department of Community Health and Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa Ward, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Prefecture, 466-8560, Japan; Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, 464-8601, Japan.
Abstract
Frailty prevalence defined by the deficit accumulation model (Frailty Index) has limited exploration in a Japanese population. The objective of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of frailty by Frailty Index among a cohort of healthy Japanese older adults, define risk factors associated with pre-frailty and frailty status and evaluate Frailty Index's agreement with Frailty Phenotype and Kihon checklist. METHODS: Data from 673 participants of the 2014 wave of the Nagoya Longitudinal Study - Healthy Elderly were used. Annual assessments include investigation of mood, memory, health status, nutrition, physical performance and oral health. The Frailty Index was compared to Frailty Phenotype and Kihon Checklist, and factors associated to Frailty Index were investigated through univariate and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Frailty prevalence was 13.5% (n = 91) by Frailty Index, 1.5% (n = 10) by Frailty Phenotype and 4% (n = 27) by Kihon Checklist. Although the correlations between the three scales were moderate to high, the agreement between the scales was poor. In terms of risk factors, age, polypharmacy and physical activity level were associated with being pre-frail and frail. Having a higher waist circumference was associated with being pre-frail, and lower handgrip strength and lower walking speed were associated with being frail. CONCLUSIONS: The Frailty Index showed similar metrics and agreement comparable to findings of previous studies, and was able to identify a higher number of individuals who were pre-frail and frail. Age, polypharmacy, physical activity, waking speed and waist circumference were associated with pre-frailty and frailty by frailty index.
Frailty prevalence defined by the deficit accumulation model (Frailty Index) has limited exploration in a Japanese population. The objective of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of frailty by Frailty Index among a cohort of healthy Japanese older adults, define risk factors associated with pre-frailty and frailty status and evaluate Frailty Index's agreement with Frailty Phenotype and Kihon checklist. METHODS: Data from 673 participants of the 2014 wave of the Nagoya Longitudinal Study - Healthy Elderly were used. Annual assessments include investigation of mood, memory, health status, nutrition, physical performance and oral health. The Frailty Index was compared to Frailty Phenotype and Kihon Checklist, and factors associated to Frailty Index were investigated through univariate and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Frailty prevalence was 13.5% (n = 91) by Frailty Index, 1.5% (n = 10) by Frailty Phenotype and 4% (n = 27) by Kihon Checklist. Although the correlations between the three scales were moderate to high, the agreement between the scales was poor. In terms of risk factors, age, polypharmacy and physical activity level were associated with being pre-frail and frail. Having a higher waist circumference was associated with being pre-frail, and lower handgrip strength and lower walking speed were associated with being frail. CONCLUSIONS: The Frailty Index showed similar metrics and agreement comparable to findings of previous studies, and was able to identify a higher number of individuals who were pre-frail and frail. Age, polypharmacy, physical activity, waking speed and waist circumference were associated with pre-frailty and frailty by frailty index.
Authors: David Navarrete-Villanueva; Alba Gómez-Cabello; Jorge Marín-Puyalto; Luis Alberto Moreno; Germán Vicente-Rodríguez; José Antonio Casajús Journal: Sports Med Date: 2021-01 Impact factor: 11.136