Yeon Seung Jung1, Dong Yong Chung2, Eun Jin Kim2, Nam Hoon Cho3. 1. Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 2. Electron Microscope Core, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. 3. Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. cho1988@yuhs.ac.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Malakoplakia can be caused by incomplete digestion of Escherichia coli by lysosomes, leading to recurrent urinary tract infections and consequential mass-forming events that mimic tumors. OBJECTIVES: By using ultrastructural findings, we aimed to specify the process of phagolysosome to evoke malakoplakia. DESIGN: We observed a series of processes to form a peculiar Michaelis-Gutmann (MG) body in three patients with malakoplakia and compared with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. RESULTS: The ultrastructural findings were realigned according to the sequence of events as pre-phagosomal, phagosomal, and post-phagosomal stages. For the mature MG body, numerous lysosomal aggregates targeting pathogens and subsequent incomplete digestion are prerequisite factors for the pre-phagosomal stage. Scattered lamellated residue is late evidence of the pre-phagosomal stage. Phagosomes can be formed by the fusion of multiple pathogens and multiple lysosomes. We utilized transmission and scanning electron microscopy to speculate on the process of phagolysosomal formation. CONCLUSION: The recognition of E. coli captured by phagosomes or partially damaged by lysosomal attack within the cell was recorded for the first time. Furthermore, SEM observation was performed on human tissue.
CONTEXT: Malakoplakia can be caused by incomplete digestion of Escherichia coli by lysosomes, leading to recurrent urinary tract infections and consequential mass-forming events that mimic tumors. OBJECTIVES: By using ultrastructural findings, we aimed to specify the process of phagolysosome to evoke malakoplakia. DESIGN: We observed a series of processes to form a peculiar Michaelis-Gutmann (MG) body in three patients with malakoplakia and compared with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. RESULTS: The ultrastructural findings were realigned according to the sequence of events as pre-phagosomal, phagosomal, and post-phagosomal stages. For the mature MG body, numerous lysosomal aggregates targeting pathogens and subsequent incomplete digestion are prerequisite factors for the pre-phagosomal stage. Scattered lamellated residue is late evidence of the pre-phagosomal stage. Phagosomes can be formed by the fusion of multiple pathogens and multiple lysosomes. We utilized transmission and scanning electron microscopy to speculate on the process of phagolysosomal formation. CONCLUSION: The recognition of E. coli captured by phagosomes or partially damaged by lysosomal attack within the cell was recorded for the first time. Furthermore, SEM observation was performed on human tissue.
Authors: María J Irarrázaval-Mainguyague; Manuel Cabreras; Sebastián Oksenberg; María A Pulgar; Francisco Rojas; Manuel Álvarez; Felipe F Quezada-Diaz Journal: J Surg Case Rep Date: 2021-06-04