Photo-induced binding of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl to cultured human cells.

The polychlorinated biphenyl congener 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl can be photoactivated by brief high-intensity ultraviolet irradiation. Photoactivated intermediates are bound to neighboring biological macromolecules. Properties and stability of hexachlorobiphenyl photobinding were examined with bovine serum albumin, a protein known to strongly bind lipophilic compounds. Photobinding to cultured human Chang liver cells was a function of ligand and cell protein concentration as well as of irradiation time. Binding increased with incubation time, in support of the time course of uptake previously measured in the same system by alternative methods. Separation of cell proteins by gel electrophoresis showed that the distribution pattern of photobinding changed at different rates for different proteins. Photobinding to major cell lipid groups and to individual phospholipids likewise reflected uptake of the compound. Notably, photobinding to phosphatidyl choline was elevated relative to phosphatidyl ethanolamine. Thus, the presented method is suitable to follow up transport and intracellular equilibrium distribution of photoactivatable ligands. As a particular advantage, artefactual redistribution of persistent lipophilic compounds during cell fractionation can be avoided.