Aylin Acun1, Ruben Oganesyan1, Basak E Uygun1. 1. Center for Engineering in Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Harvard Medical School, 51 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In this review, we discuss the recent advancements in liver bioengineering and cell therapy and future advancements to improve the field towards clinical applications. RECENT FINDINGS: 3D printing, hydrogel-based tissue fabrication, and the use of native decellularized liver extracellular matrix as a scaffold are used to develop whole or partial liver substitutes. The current focus is on developing a functional liver graft through achieving a non-leaky endothelium and a fully constructed bile duct. Use of cell therapy as a treatment is less invasive and less costly compared to transplantation, however, lack of readily available cell sources with low or no immunogenicity and contradicting outcomes of clinical trials are yet to be overcome. SUMMARY: Liver bioengineering is advancing rapidly through the development of in vitro and in vivo tissue and organ models. Although there are major challenges to overcome, through optimization of the current methods and successful integration of induced pluripotent stem cells, the development of readily available, patient-specific liver substitutes can be achieved.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In this review, we discuss the recent advancements in liver bioengineering and cell therapy and future advancements to improve the field towards clinical applications. RECENT FINDINGS: 3D printing, hydrogel-based tissue fabrication, and the use of native decellularized liver extracellular matrix as a scaffold are used to develop whole or partial liver substitutes. The current focus is on developing a functional liver graft through achieving a non-leaky endothelium and a fully constructed bile duct. Use of cell therapy as a treatment is less invasive and less costly compared to transplantation, however, lack of readily available cell sources with low or no immunogenicity and contradicting outcomes of clinical trials are yet to be overcome. SUMMARY: Liver bioengineering is advancing rapidly through the development of in vitro and in vivo tissue and organ models. Although there are major challenges to overcome, through optimization of the current methods and successful integration of induced pluripotent stem cells, the development of readily available, patient-specific liver substitutes can be achieved.
Authors: Harald C Ott; Thomas S Matthiesen; Saik-Kia Goh; Lauren D Black; Stefan M Kren; Theoden I Netoff; Doris A Taylor Journal: Nat Med Date: 2008-01-13 Impact factor: 53.440
Authors: Ehab O A Hafiz; Beyza Bulutoglu; Soheir S Mansy; Yibin Chen; Hoda Abu-Taleb; Somia A M Soliman; Ali A F El-Hindawi; Martin L Yarmush; Basak E Uygun Journal: Biotechnol Bioeng Date: 2020-09-14 Impact factor: 4.530