Mingming Zhou1,2, Jane Desborough2, Anne Parkinson2, Kirsty Douglas3, David McDonald4, Katja Boom5. 1. People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China. 2. Department of Health Services Research and Policy, Research School of Population Health, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia. 3. Academic Unit of General Practice, ANU Medical School, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia. 4. National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia. 5. Independent Consultant/Accredited Australian Pharmacist Working in General Practice, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Non-medical prescribers, including pharmacists, have been found to achieve comparable clinical outcomes with doctors for certain health conditions. Legislation supporting pharmacist prescribing (PP) has been implemented in the United Kingdom (UK), Canada and New Zealand (NZ); however, to date, Australian pharmacists have not been extended prescribing rights. The purpose of this review was to describe the barriers to PP found in the literature from the UK, Canada, NZ and Australia, and examine the implications of these for the development of PP in Australia. METHODS: We conducted a scoping review, which included peer-reviewed and grey literature, and consultation with stakeholders. Sources - Scopus, PubMed and CINAHL; Google Scholar, OpenGrey and organisational websites from January 2003 to March 2018 in the UK, Canada, NZ and Australia. Inclusion criteria - articles published in English, related to implementation of PP and articulated barriers to PP. KEY FINDINGS: Of 863 unique records, 120 were reviewed and 64 articles were eligible for inclusion. Three key themes emerged: (1) Socio-political context, (2) Resourcing issues and (3) Prescriber competence. The most common barriers were inadequate training regarding diagnostic knowledge and skills, inadequate support from authorities and stakeholders, and insufficient funding/reimbursement. CONCLUSIONS: If implementation of PP is to occur, attention needs to be focused on addressing identified barriers to PP implementation, including fostering a favourable socio-political context and prescriber competence. As such, a concerted effort is required to develop clear policy pathways, including targeted training courses, raising stakeholder recognition of PP and identifying specific funding, infrastructure and resourcing needs to ensure the smooth integration of pharmacist prescribers within interprofessional clinical teams.
OBJECTIVES: Non-medical prescribers, including pharmacists, have been found to achieve comparable clinical outcomes with doctors for certain health conditions. Legislation supporting pharmacist prescribing (PP) has been implemented in the United Kingdom (UK), Canada and New Zealand (NZ); however, to date, Australian pharmacists have not been extended prescribing rights. The purpose of this review was to describe the barriers to PP found in the literature from the UK, Canada, NZ and Australia, and examine the implications of these for the development of PP in Australia. METHODS: We conducted a scoping review, which included peer-reviewed and grey literature, and consultation with stakeholders. Sources - Scopus, PubMed and CINAHL; Google Scholar, OpenGrey and organisational websites from January 2003 to March 2018 in the UK, Canada, NZ and Australia. Inclusion criteria - articles published in English, related to implementation of PP and articulated barriers to PP. KEY FINDINGS: Of 863 unique records, 120 were reviewed and 64 articles were eligible for inclusion. Three key themes emerged: (1) Socio-political context, (2) Resourcing issues and (3) Prescriber competence. The most common barriers were inadequate training regarding diagnostic knowledge and skills, inadequate support from authorities and stakeholders, and insufficient funding/reimbursement. CONCLUSIONS: If implementation of PP is to occur, attention needs to be focused on addressing identified barriers to PP implementation, including fostering a favourable socio-political context and prescriber competence. As such, a concerted effort is required to develop clear policy pathways, including targeted training courses, raising stakeholder recognition of PP and identifying specific funding, infrastructure and resourcing needs to ensure the smooth integration of pharmacist prescribers within interprofessional clinical teams.
Authors: Julie Hui-Chih Wu; Fatima Khalid; Bradley J Langford; Nathan P Beahm; Mark McIntyre; Kevin L Schwartz; Gary Garber; Valerie Leung Journal: Can Pharm J (Ott) Date: 2021-04-08
Authors: Amy Grant; Liam Rowe; Natalie Kennie-Kaulbach; Andrea Bishop; Julia Kontak; Sam Stewart; Bobbi Morrison; Ingrid Sketris; Glenn Rodrigues; Laura Minard; Anne Marie Whelan; Lisa Woodill; Elizabeth Jeffers; Judith Fisher; Juanna Ricketts; Jennifer E Isenor Journal: Res Social Adm Pharm Date: 2022-08-20