Brett G Mitchell1, Philip L Russo2, Allen C Cheng3, Andrew J Stewardson4, Hannah Rosebrock5, Stephanie J Curtis4, Sophia Robinson6, Martin Kiernan7. 1. School of Nursing Avondale College of Higher Education, New South Wales, Australia; School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. Electronic address: brett.mitchell@avondale.edu.au. 2. Lifestyle Research Centre, Avondale College of Higher Education, Cooranbong, New South Wales, Australia; Centre for Nursing Research, Cabrini Institute, Malvern, Victoria, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. 3. Infection Prevention and Healthcare Epidemiology Unit, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 4. Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Hospital and Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 5. School of Nursing Avondale College of Higher Education, New South Wales, Australia. 6. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia. 7. Richard Wells Research Centre, College of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Care, University of West London, London, United Kingdom.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Point prevalence studies identify that pneumonia is the most common healthcare associated infection. However, non-ventilator associated healthcare associated pneumonia (NV-HAP) is both underreported and understudied. Most research conducted to date, focuses on ventilator associated pneumonia. We conducted a systematic review, to provide the latest evidence for strategies to reduce NV-HAP and describe the methodological approaches used. METHODS: We performed a systematic search to identify research exploring and evaluating NV-HAP preventive measures in hospitals and aged-care facilities. The electronic database Medline was searched, for peer-reviewed articles published between 1st January 1998 and 31st August 2018. An assessment of the study quality and risk of bias of included articles was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS: The literature search yielded 1551 articles, with 15 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. The majority of strategies for NV-HAP prevention focussed on oral care (n = 9). Three studies evaluated a form of physical activity, such as passive movements, two studies used dysphagia screening and management; and another study evaluated prophylactic antibiotics. Most studies (n = 12) were conducted in a hospital setting. Six of the fifteen studies were randomised controlled trials. CONCLUSION: There was considerable heterogeneity in the included studies, including the type of intervention, study design, methods and definitions used to diagnose the NV-HAP. To date, interventions to reduce NV-HAP appear to be based broadly on the themes of improving oral care, increased mobility or movement and dysphagia management.
BACKGROUND: Point prevalence studies identify that pneumonia is the most common healthcare associated infection. However, non-ventilator associated healthcare associated pneumonia (NV-HAP) is both underreported and understudied. Most research conducted to date, focuses on ventilator associated pneumonia. We conducted a systematic review, to provide the latest evidence for strategies to reduce NV-HAP and describe the methodological approaches used. METHODS: We performed a systematic search to identify research exploring and evaluating NV-HAP preventive measures in hospitals and aged-care facilities. The electronic database Medline was searched, for peer-reviewed articles published between 1st January 1998 and 31st August 2018. An assessment of the study quality and risk of bias of included articles was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS: The literature search yielded 1551 articles, with 15 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. The majority of strategies for NV-HAP prevention focussed on oral care (n = 9). Three studies evaluated a form of physical activity, such as passive movements, two studies used dysphagia screening and management; and another study evaluated prophylactic antibiotics. Most studies (n = 12) were conducted in a hospital setting. Six of the fifteen studies were randomised controlled trials. CONCLUSION: There was considerable heterogeneity in the included studies, including the type of intervention, study design, methods and definitions used to diagnose the NV-HAP. To date, interventions to reduce NV-HAP appear to be based broadly on the themes of improving oral care, increased mobility or movement and dysphagia management.
Authors: Patrick T Lee; Laura K Krecko; Stephanie Savage; Ann P O'Rourke; Hee Soo Jung; Angela Ingraham; Ben L Zarzaur; John E Scarborough Journal: J Trauma Acute Care Surg Date: 2022-04-08 Impact factor: 3.697