David Cordeiro Sousa1,2,3, Inês Leal4,5, Susana Moreira6, Sónia do Vale7, Ana R Silva-Herdade8, Patrícia Dionísio6, Miguel A R B Castanho8, Luís Abegão Pinto4,5, Carlos Marques-Neves4,5. 1. Ophthalmology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035, Lisboa, Portugal. davidsousa@medicina.ulisboa.pt. 2. Vision Sciences Study Center, CECV, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal. davidsousa@medicina.ulisboa.pt. 3. Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom. davidsousa@medicina.ulisboa.pt. 4. Ophthalmology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035, Lisboa, Portugal. 5. Vision Sciences Study Center, CECV, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal. 6. Respiratory Medicine Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035, Lisboa, Portugal. 7. Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035, Lisboa, Portugal. 8. Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.
Abstract
AIM: Previous data suggest the existence of retinal vascular changes and impaired autoregulation in the very early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR). We compared the retinal plexuses between patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) without DR and a demographically similar healthy cohort, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). METHODS: Patients with T1D and no signs of DR were prospectively recruited from an outpatient clinic. Using OCT-A (AngioVue®), the parafoveal superficial (SCP) and deep (DPC) capillary plexus as well as the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and perimeter were gathered. Mean comparison tests and linear regression analysis were used as statistical tests (STATA v14). RESULTS: Studied population included 48 subjects (24 T1D). The analysis of SCP revealed an attenuation of the capillary network compared with the control group in both parafoveal (51.8 ± 4.5 vs. 55.8 ± 3.2, p < 0.001) and perifoveal (51.9 ± 3.3 vs. 53.9 ± 1.9, p = 0.01) regions. A similar finding was observed in the DCP for both parafoveal (56.4 ± 4.3 vs. 60.4 ± 2.2, p < 0.001) and perifoveal (54.7 ± 3.9 vs. 60.8 ± 3.4, p = 0.001) sectors. Also, a longer time since T1D diagnosis was associated with a larger FAZ area (p = 0.055) and perimeter (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences in the retinal microvasculature were observed between healthy subjects and T1D patients using OCT-A, even before clinically detectable disease on fundus biomicroscopy.
AIM: Previous data suggest the existence of retinal vascular changes and impaired autoregulation in the very early stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR). We compared the retinal plexuses between patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) without DR and a demographically similar healthy cohort, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). METHODS: Patients with T1D and no signs of DR were prospectively recruited from an outpatient clinic. Using OCT-A (AngioVue®), the parafoveal superficial (SCP) and deep (DPC) capillary plexus as well as the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and perimeter were gathered. Mean comparison tests and linear regression analysis were used as statistical tests (STATA v14). RESULTS: Studied population included 48 subjects (24 T1D). The analysis of SCP revealed an attenuation of the capillary network compared with the control group in both parafoveal (51.8 ± 4.5 vs. 55.8 ± 3.2, p < 0.001) and perifoveal (51.9 ± 3.3 vs. 53.9 ± 1.9, p = 0.01) regions. A similar finding was observed in the DCP for both parafoveal (56.4 ± 4.3 vs. 60.4 ± 2.2, p < 0.001) and perifoveal (54.7 ± 3.9 vs. 60.8 ± 3.4, p = 0.001) sectors. Also, a longer time since T1D diagnosis was associated with a larger FAZ area (p = 0.055) and perimeter (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences in the retinal microvasculature were observed between healthy subjects and T1D patients using OCT-A, even before clinically detectable disease on fundus biomicroscopy.
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