Muhammad Umair1, Mashkoor Mohsin1, Qasim Ali1, Muhammad Usman Qamar2, Shahbaz Raza1, Aamir Ali3, Sebastian Guenther4,5, Peter Schierack6. 1. Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. 2. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan. 3. Health Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan. 4. Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany. 5. Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy, Universität Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. 6. Faculty Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany.
Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence and genetic relatedness of blaCTX-M-type extended spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli at the human-animal interface in Pakistan. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 human, cattle, and poultry fecal samples (50 each) were screened for ESBL-producing E. coli using ESBL CHROMagar®. Bacterial species confirmation as well as determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (μg/mL) to different antibiotics was performed using the automated VITEK®-2 compact system. Phenotypic confirmation of ESBL production was performed according to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Genetic analysis of blaCTX-M was carried out by PCR and DNA sequencing. Plasmids and clonal similarity of the E. coli strains were determined by PCR-based replicon typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), respectively. Results: Of 150 samples, 29 (19.3%) ESBL-producing E. coli were recovered, and majority of them originated from human (n = 16; 55%), followed by cattle (n = 9; 31%) and poultry (n = 4; 13.7%). blaCTX-M-15 was predominant ESBL genotype (n = 25; 86.2%), mainly identified from human (n = 15) and cattle (n = 9). This is also the first report of the occurrence of CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-55 in cattle and poultry E. coli isolates of Pakistan, respectively. The majority of the ESBL-producing E. coli (96.5%) showed a multidrug resistance phenotype. All isolates carried IncFII or IncFIA plasmids, and the phylogroup B1 was dominant (44.8%) followed by phylogroups A (31%), D (17.2%), and B2 (6.8%). PFGE revealed that isolates from different hosts were genetically unrelated. Conclusion: Presence of CTX-M-15-type ESBL-producing E. coli in different reservoirs is alarming and has the potential to impact both veterinary and human therapeutic treatment options.
Objective: To determine the prevalence and genetic relatedness of blaCTX-M-type extended spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli at the human-animal interface in Pakistan. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 human, cattle, and poultry fecal samples (50 each) were screened for ESBL-producing E. coli using ESBL CHROMagar®. Bacterial species confirmation as well as determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (μg/mL) to different antibiotics was performed using the automated VITEK®-2 compact system. Phenotypic confirmation of ESBL production was performed according to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Genetic analysis of blaCTX-M was carried out by PCR and DNA sequencing. Plasmids and clonal similarity of the E. coli strains were determined by PCR-based replicon typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), respectively. Results: Of 150 samples, 29 (19.3%) ESBL-producing E. coli were recovered, and majority of them originated from human (n = 16; 55%), followed by cattle (n = 9; 31%) and poultry (n = 4; 13.7%). blaCTX-M-15 was predominant ESBL genotype (n = 25; 86.2%), mainly identified from human (n = 15) and cattle (n = 9). This is also the first report of the occurrence of CTX-M-15 and CTX-M-55 in cattle and poultry E. coli isolates of Pakistan, respectively. The majority of the ESBL-producing E. coli (96.5%) showed a multidrug resistance phenotype. All isolates carried IncFII or IncFIA plasmids, and the phylogroup B1 was dominant (44.8%) followed by phylogroups A (31%), D (17.2%), and B2 (6.8%). PFGE revealed that isolates from different hosts were genetically unrelated. Conclusion: Presence of CTX-M-15-type ESBL-producing E. coli in different reservoirs is alarming and has the potential to impact both veterinary and human therapeutic treatment options.
Authors: Mabel Kamweli Aworh; Jacob K P Kwaga; Rene S Hendriksen; Emmanuel C Okolocha; Siddhartha Thakur Journal: Antimicrob Resist Infect Control Date: 2021-03-23 Impact factor: 4.887
Authors: Sana Ilyas; Muhammad Hidayat Rasool; Muhammad Javed Arshed; Muhammad Usman Qamar; Bilal Aslam; Ahmad Almatroudi; Mohsin Khurshid Journal: Infect Drug Resist Date: 2021-03-02 Impact factor: 4.003
Authors: Hasan Ejaz; Sonia Younas; Khalid O A Abosalif; Kashaf Junaid; Badr Alzahrani; Abdullah Alsrhani; Abualgasim Elgaili Abdalla; Muhammad Ikram Ullah; Muhammad Usman Qamar; Sanaa S M Hamam Journal: PLoS One Date: 2021-01-07 Impact factor: 3.240