Insecticides and Insecticide Resistance.

Vector control has significantly reduced malaria morbidity in many regions of the world where the disease was endemic and is now moving toward malaria elimination. Among the tools available for vector control, the use of long-lasting insecticidal bed nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) has proved most effective. However, Anopheles mosquitoes are becoming increasingly resistant to insecticides. In this chapter, we describe the main aspects of vector control-with a particular focus on insecticidal products commonly used in vector control as well as on mechanisms of insecticide resistance. We also discuss the impact of insecticide resistance on malaria transmission.