Ji Yeong Kim1, Yoo Jung Park1, Byung-Mu Lee1, Sungpil Yoon2. 1. School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea. 2. School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea syoon88@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM: The study focused on identifying the mechanisms or drugs that might sensitize resistant KBV20C human oral squamous carcinoma cells overexpressing P-glycoprotein (P-gp) to antimitotic drug treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five HIV protease inhibitors (atazanavir, nelfinavir, darunavir, lopinavir, and ritonavir) were tested to identify drugs that could be used at a relatively low dose for sensitizing antimitotic drug-resistant KBV20C cells. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting, annexin V analyses, and rhodamine uptake tests were performed to further investigate the mechanism of action. RESULTS: Co-treatment with nelfinavir or lopinavir had a high sensitizing effect on vincristine-treated KBV20C cells. Nelfinavir and lopinavir reduced cell viability, increased G2 phase arrest, and up-regulated apoptosis when used as a co-treatment with vincristine. We also demonstrated that eribulin co-treatment with nelfinavir and lopinavir similarly increased sensitization of KBV20C cells. Only lopinavir was found to have a high P-gp-inhibitory activity (similar to verapamil). Interestingly, nelfinavir had very low P-gp-inhibitory activity, suggesting that vincristine-nelfinavir sensitization is independent of the P-gp-inhibitory effect of nelfinavir. We also demonstrated this same combination mainly caused sensitization due to late apoptosis in P-gp-overexpressing drug-resistant KBV20C cells. CONCLUSION: Highly antimitotic drug-resistant KBV20C cells can be sensitized by co-treatment with the repositioned HIV protease inhibitors nelfinavir and lopinavir. In particular, the sensitizing effect of co-treatment with nelfinavir on antimitotic drug-resistant cancer cells was found to be strong and independent of P-gp-inhibitory activity. As P-gp inhibition can be toxic to normal cells, selecting nelfinavir may be safer for normal cells in patients with drug-resistant cancer. Copyright
BACKGROUND/AIM: The study focused on identifying the mechanisms or drugs that might sensitize resistant KBV20C human oral squamous carcinoma cells overexpressing P-glycoprotein (P-gp) to antimitotic drug treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five HIV protease inhibitors (atazanavir, nelfinavir, darunavir, lopinavir, and ritonavir) were tested to identify drugs that could be used at a relatively low dose for sensitizing antimitotic drug-resistant KBV20C cells. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting, annexin V analyses, and rhodamine uptake tests were performed to further investigate the mechanism of action. RESULTS: Co-treatment with nelfinavir or lopinavir had a high sensitizing effect on vincristine-treated KBV20C cells. Nelfinavir and lopinavir reduced cell viability, increased G2 phase arrest, and up-regulated apoptosis when used as a co-treatment with vincristine. We also demonstrated that eribulin co-treatment with nelfinavir and lopinavir similarly increased sensitization of KBV20C cells. Only lopinavir was found to have a high P-gp-inhibitory activity (similar to verapamil). Interestingly, nelfinavir had very low P-gp-inhibitory activity, suggesting that vincristine-nelfinavir sensitization is independent of the P-gp-inhibitory effect of nelfinavir. We also demonstrated this same combination mainly caused sensitization due to late apoptosis in P-gp-overexpressing drug-resistant KBV20C cells. CONCLUSION: Highly antimitotic drug-resistant KBV20C cells can be sensitized by co-treatment with the repositioned HIV protease inhibitors nelfinavir and lopinavir. In particular, the sensitizing effect of co-treatment with nelfinavir on antimitotic drug-resistant cancer cells was found to be strong and independent of P-gp-inhibitory activity. As P-gp inhibition can be toxic to normal cells, selecting nelfinavir may be safer for normal cells in patients with drug-resistant cancer. Copyright
Authors: Jae Hyeon Park; Jin-Sol Lee; Yunmoon Oh; Ji Sun Lee; Hae Eun Park; Haeun Lee; Yeon Su Park; So Young Kyung; Hyung Sik Kim; Sungpil Yoon Journal: In Vivo Date: 2022 Mar-Apr Impact factor: 2.155
Authors: Kyeong Seok Kim; Chunxue Jiang; Ji Young Kim; Jae Hyeon Park; Hae Ri Kim; Su Hyun Lee; Hyung Sik Kim; Sungpil Yoon Journal: Front Oncol Date: 2020-05-12 Impact factor: 6.244