Kristina Fagher1, Örjan Dahlström2,3, Jenny Jacobsson2, Toomas Timpka2, Jan Lexell1,4. 1. Department of Health Sciences, Rehabilitation Medicine Research Group, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. 2. Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Athletics Research Center, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. 3. Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. 4. Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: With increased participation in Paralympic sports, the burden of sports-related injuries and illnesses may increase. However, there is limited knowledge about the epidemiology of sports-related injuries and illnesses in Paralympic sports (SRIIPS). OBJECTIVE: To describe among Swedish Paralympic athletes the 1-year retrospective period prevalence of severe SRIIPS and the point prevalence of all SRIIPS and to examine differences in prevalence proportions between athletes with different impairments, behaviors, and sport characteristics. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Swedish Paralympic Programme. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred and four Paralympic athletes with visual, physical, and intellectual impairment. METHODS: An eHealth application adapted to Paralympic athletes was used to collect self-report data on existing and previous SRIIPS, as well as impairment, behavior, and sport characteristics. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: One-year retrospective period prevalence and point prevalence. RESULTS: The period prevalence of severe injuries was 31% (95% CI 23-40) and the point prevalence 32% (95% CI 24-41). The period prevalence of severe illnesses was 14% (95% CI 9-23), and 13% of the athletes (95% CI 8-22) reported a current illness. More severe injuries (P <.05) were reported by athletes aged 18 to 25 years, not using assistive device, having pain during sport, using analgesics, continuing training injured, and feeling guilt when missing exercise. Athletes who reported a previous severe injury, having pain in daily life and during sport, using analgesics, and being upset when unable to exercise had a higher prevalence of current injuries (P <.05). Being female, reporting previous severe illness, using prescribed medication, and feeling anxious/depressed were features associated with ongoing illnesses (P <.05). CONCLUSION: Paralympic athletes report a high prevalence of SRIIPS. Behavioral and psychological aspects as well as pain and use of medication appear to be associated with the occurrence of SRIIPS. The results imply that factors leading to SRIIPS are complex and call for a broad biopsychosocial approach when developing preventive measures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.
BACKGROUND: With increased participation in Paralympic sports, the burden of sports-related injuries and illnesses may increase. However, there is limited knowledge about the epidemiology of sports-related injuries and illnesses in Paralympic sports (SRIIPS). OBJECTIVE: To describe among Swedish Paralympic athletes the 1-year retrospective period prevalence of severe SRIIPS and the point prevalence of all SRIIPS and to examine differences in prevalence proportions between athletes with different impairments, behaviors, and sport characteristics. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Swedish Paralympic Programme. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred and four Paralympic athletes with visual, physical, and intellectual impairment. METHODS: An eHealth application adapted to Paralympic athletes was used to collect self-report data on existing and previous SRIIPS, as well as impairment, behavior, and sport characteristics. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: One-year retrospective period prevalence and point prevalence. RESULTS: The period prevalence of severe injuries was 31% (95% CI 23-40) and the point prevalence 32% (95% CI 24-41). The period prevalence of severe illnesses was 14% (95% CI 9-23), and 13% of the athletes (95% CI 8-22) reported a current illness. More severe injuries (P <.05) were reported by athletes aged 18 to 25 years, not using assistive device, having pain during sport, using analgesics, continuing training injured, and feeling guilt when missing exercise. Athletes who reported a previous severe injury, having pain in daily life and during sport, using analgesics, and being upset when unable to exercise had a higher prevalence of current injuries (P <.05). Being female, reporting previous severe illness, using prescribed medication, and feeling anxious/depressed were features associated with ongoing illnesses (P <.05). CONCLUSION: Paralympic athletes report a high prevalence of SRIIPS. Behavioral and psychological aspects as well as pain and use of medication appear to be associated with the occurrence of SRIIPS. The results imply that factors leading to SRIIPS are complex and call for a broad biopsychosocial approach when developing preventive measures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.
Authors: Kristina Fagher; Lovemore Kunorozva; Marelise Badenhorst; Wayne Derman; James Kissick; Evert Verhagen; Osman Hassan Ahmed; Moa Jederström; Neil Heron; Ardavan M Khoshnood; Andressa Silva; Göran Kenttä; Jan Lexell Journal: BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med Date: 2022-08-25
Authors: Moa Jederström; Sara Agnafors; Christina Ekegren; Kristina Fagher; Håkan Gauffin; Laura Korhonen; Jennifer Park; Armin Spreco; Toomas Timpka Journal: Front Sports Act Living Date: 2021-06-18